12 Steps to Recovery Essay Example for Free

12 Steps to Recovery Essay Addiction of any substance is an extremely difficult thing to accept. When we finally realize that We have a problem it is up us to admit it. Once we have accepted that we are addicted we have made the first and most important step to recovery. We learn that once recovery is what we want in our lives there are steps to take these steps is to mean we are ready to completely give yourself to a higher power. This higher power can be anything or anyone we want it to be, whether it be God or someone we can really trust and depend on. There are 12 steps to recovery that will help us stay clean and help us be successful in staying in recovery. This we call the â€Å"12 Step Program. † The first step to recovery is we admit we’re powerless over our addiction and our lives have become unmanageable. This means admitting weeven have an addiction problem. By saying your life has become unmanageable states that we don‘t want to continue living your life the way have been during your addiction. Our addiction has taken over our life, and admitting that we’re an addict helps us take responsibility for our actions instead of blaming others as we did before. The second step is we have come to believe that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity as we knew it. See more:  The Story of an Hour Literary Analysis Essay For most of us our higher power is god. We would give everything to our higher power and ask him for forgiveness. We then would recite the Serenity Prayer to help us. The Serenity Prayer is â€Å"God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference! † This is a very powerful prayer as I feel today. The third step is that we’ve made the decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understand and know him. We allow him to guide us through the recovery process we are going through. He lets us know that we are not alone in this, and we will never be alone again as long as we have him in our lives. The fourth step is making a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves. We look inside ourselves to find out what our morals are and to figure out what we believe in. We figure out what we stand for and learn what we think is right and wrong in life. In this step you must become brutally honest with yourself knowing that there’s nothing we can do to change the past. This does not mean you are a bad person but that you have made some bad decisions in our lives, that we as human beings are not perfect. The fifth step is when we have admitted to God, ourselves, and another human being the exact natures of our wrongs we have done during our addiction. Completing this step gets the monkey off your back pursay. More than most people the addict lead a double life. This means we are only showing what we want people to see. Not being honest and showing our true colors. We still continued to lie and expected to be able to stay clean. Through this step we learned that this is not possible in order to stay clean and live a honest life through recovery. Those of us that belong to religious sanctuaries can confide in the proper person of that faith . Others that are not religious may find someone they can confide in such as a doctor or therapist. Someone that we can trust to keep what has been said in confidence. We cannot disclose anything to our family because we are not allowed to say things to them that will make them unhappy. We cannot save our own skins by making someone else unhappy. By doing so our fears come closer and we begin to realize that our life is opening up and showing what our life was really about . This is the scariest thing we will do. And the hardest step to complete out of all 12 of them. The sixth step is when we ask God to remove these defects of character. Which in turn means we surrender our whole self to God? When we are ready, we say to him something like this: â€Å"My Creator, I am now willing that you should have all of me, good and bad. I pray that you now remove from me every single defect of character which stands in the way of my usefulness to you and my fellows. Grant me strength, as I go out from here, to do your bidding. Amen† The seventh step we become willing to ask God to help us to remove all of our shortcomings. This is not a long step and like I said previously it’s not one of the hardest steps to do during recovery.

The effect of the arts in education Essay Example for Free

The effect of the arts in education Essay In all cultures in the world, arts teach the history of the society through a certain period. It provides the information about the happenings and the achievements that were achieved through the period. Arts are the most crucial factors in every day lives, were cannot make a single step ahead without a help of art and without interacting with any sub art division. It is evident because whatever we do either must include musical rhythm, calculation or actions, this are all issues related to art. In simple term art is the way man expresses his physical feeling to man, art is not a mental issue, it has to be physical for it to qualify as an art. Examples of these types of expressions are, one can nod to mean yes or no depending on the location and the society, one can bow to show respect, one can wave to say good bye or hi, these are all aspects of arts. In every culture several artistic aspect are used to relay information to the intended persons. An aspect which is used necessarily must pass the information as intended without distortions; such artist aspects may include music, drama, poems, dance, literature and visual arts like pictures, drawings, mosaic and collage. With that simple explanation, it is apparent that nothing either in science world or in other visual arts can happen without a support of arts for better and full understanding for the intended person. In most cases or rather in every case one is surrounded by artistic aspect, that is, environment is art. Nothing can be understood without the support of the art. Through the use of art, abstract ideas in science or any other discipline can be portrayed as real thus enhancing more understanding and competence on the side of the student. Purpose of the study The main purpose of this study is to highlight the importance of using arts as a tool of teaching in the schools in all subjects ranging from sciences, mathematics, languages, physical education and humanities in addition to its relation to the above disciplines of study. The other purpose of the study is to describe how arts motivate the performance of the above disciplines. Assumptions of the study In this study, education is taken to be a valuable instrument in the development of ones life. The study assumes that every student comes from a cultural back ground that has and uses arts as a means of acquiring knowledge. It also assumes that this method have to a larger extent been successful. Interpretations are always used to construct a social as well as education world. We assume that this interpretation is best done using arts. The language that is used in the above interpretation should be commensurate with the activities that are being done, example, scientific language is used in scientific descriptions. A student knowledge on something can also be gained against his performance in arts when he/she is seeks to describe it using arts. If the student is performing well has a competence in that particular field. (Armstrong,1994) Justification of the study Recent performances have not been impressive in various academic disciplines. Academics have attributed this to the fact that the use arts have been done away with. Past researches conducted have proved that the uses of arts like drama, music and experiments enhance the acquisition of knowledge. However in the recent past, teachers have been using arts negligibly. By showing arts plays a significant role in acquisition of knowledge, the study is there fore justified since it will lead to a reevaluation of the current stand and perhaps reintroducing arts to the system of teaching. (Battin et al,1990)

Starbucks International Expansion

Starbucks International Expansion International Business Management I. Introduction In General, when international companies consider going into overseas markets, they adapt some strategies of entry modes such as licensing, franchising, joint venture and MA. For example, ‘Pierre Cardin extended their foreign business through a pure licensing and Mcdonalds was able to become the largest fast-food retailer on earth by taking advantage of its unique franchising strategy. Hence, the wise mix of entry modes can be regarded as a core factor for multinational enterprises to advance into new outer markets. As you know, Starbucks Corporation (hereafter, Starbucks) is the largest coffee retailer in the world. It has succeeded in globally by carrying out wise collaborative strategies. Therefore, in this study, Starbucks international performance would be covered at first and it would be followed by further discussions; market issues aboutIndian entry and strategic comparison with the competitors ‘The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf and ‘Hollys Coffee. II. Starbucks International Expansion Since Starbucks established its subsidiaries, â€Å"Starbucks Coffee international† in 1995[i], it has applied to flexible entry strategies; licensing and joint venture and whole ownership. While it is operating its US stores directly, Starbucks is largely running its cafà ©s outside US through joint venture and licensing with local retailers. In fiscal year of 2009, it has opened 3,439 licensed cafà ©s on earth representing 62 percents of entire stores. The main target of international business is Asia and Starbucks has operated 2,062 cafà ©s.[ii](Refer to Table.1) Besides, Starbucks is managing some overseas stores directly by acquiring local coffee retailers. In UK, Canada and some Asian market such as Thailand and Singapore, Starbucks owns 2,068 wholly-owned cafà ©s which account for 38 percents of entire overseas stores.[iii] A. Why Starbucks prefers direct investment to franchising and licensing? When Starbucks expanded its business outbound, â€Å"Coffee culture† has not existed in various countries including Asian nations. Therefore, it was imperative for Starbucks to spread coffee culture and Starbucks has implemented a marketing strategy called â€Å"Cult-duct†[1]. Hence, Starbucks thought that it was more appropriate for Starbucks to have taken advantage of direct investments; joint venture and wholly-owned companies rather than licensing and franchising so as not only to offer tangible products; coffee and cookies but also to deliver a fine coffee culture represented by urban and elegant image. Through this strategy, Starbucks effectively has managed to control its core competencies such as the high quality coffee, the quarterly employee training concerning customer service and store management know-how. B. Motivation of Joint Venture As mentioned above, the main target of Starbucks international is Asia and Starbucks has adapted joint venture as a main method for Asian market, although it has entered with licensing in several Asian regions including Middle East and Philippines. (Refer to table. 2) Above all, Starbucks could minimize risk of Asian operation by running businesses through joint venture with local retailers. At the beginning, since Starbucks did not hold both experience and expertise for Asian market, it is required for Starbucks to share local companies know-how and wide domestic networks to stably perform its Asian operation. Moreover, Starbucks has properly overcome the cultural gap with Asian nations and carried out the splendid market research. To demonstrate, local companies were involved in local staffing and analysis of regional customers taste and preference whereas Starbucks took responsibilities for employee training, coffee roasting and quality control. Besides, Starbucks could release localized products. For example, it is selling Korean traditional beverages such as ‘Sik-hye and ‘Sujungghwa in Insa-dong cafà © and offering sorts of Chinese traditional teas like â€Å"Oriental Beauty Tea† and â€Å"Fancy Black tea† in Taiwan. C. Motivation of Direct Operation Starbucks is also doing its international business with company-owned operation. . In UK, Canada and Australia, Starbucks did not have to worry about the huge gap of culture when it entered into these markets because they all belong to English language culture and there is no remarkable difference of organization culture. Whereas, Starbucks has finally acquired the entire equity of local manufacturers, Coffee Partners in Thailand and Bonstar in Singapore respectively, even if it initially entered those markets with the form of joint venture.[iv] These countries legitimately allowed the foreign capital to hold 100% equity of a company and Starbucks could not trust the marketing capabilities of these local retailers. D. A Key Growth Drive: Indian Entry In 2006, Starbucks decided to initiate its business in India and made a joint venture contract with the Indian local retailer, RPG Enterprises[v]. However, its offer was rejected by Indian government due to issues related to technique transition and strict regulation on ‘foreign retail companies'[vi]. To illustrate, Indian government did not allow direct control of foreign companies in Indian retail industry, even though foreign companies can possess up to 51% of equity. This is a big obstacle to Starbucks because strong control of business is the main principle of Starbucks overseas operation. In February 2009, Indian government made a decision to boost foreign investment owing to late contraction of FDI and then it has finally permitted outer retailers to own its business in case of holding 51% shares of a joint venture company.[vii] As a result, Starbucks reconsidered Indian entry and has begun a talk with ‘Jubiliant Group about the alliance.[viii] However, while Starbucks adheres to joint venture in the entry of India, competitors like Mcdonalds have already launched in India throug franchising and local brands â€Å"Barista† and â€Å"Coffee day† have been rapidly growing. In March 2010, the world largest PEF â€Å"KKR† also determined to invest 200 million US dollar in â€Å"Coffee Day† to compete with Starbucks.[ix] III. Comparison with the competitors A. The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf Some competitors of Starbucks have taken the different way in terms of international business. The representative example is â€Å"The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf† (hereafter, The Coffee Bean). The Coffee Bean has adapted franchising strategy for overseas expansion. As of 2008, The Coffee Bean has opened approximately 750 cafà ©s in 22 nations. Specifically, it has 288 cafà ©s under direct control while 444 cafà ©s are being operated by franchisees[x]. (Refer to Table. 3) When a company makes a licensing contract with licensor, it is able to use licensors patent, know-how, trade mark and technology. By comparison, franchising enables franchisee to get support from franchisor concerning operation and management, working principle and marketing. In other words, franchisor could be strongly involved in franchisees operation. 1. Motivation of Franchising The first reason that The Coffee Bean chose franchising is to expand its business into the outer market quickly. Since it began expanding far later than its competitors, it strived to take faster entry mode than FDI. By doing its international operation with franchising, The Coffee Bean could enter more than 20 countries including India without big trouble. In the meanwhile, Starbucks has struggled to enter India market by governmental and political intervention as we discussed above. Second, as mention above, while Starbucks wanted to provide customers with not only just coffee but also coffee culture at its foreign market entry, The Coffee Bean has more focused on the quality of coffee. As its strategy is to serve tasteful coffee to as many customers as it can, it is essential to motivate franchisee to serve more people. Franchising can provide high motivation to franchisees as they just need to pay fixed royalty. It means that more customers they serve customers, the more profit they can expect. The last reason is cost saving. If it had entered the overseas market as FDI, it would have born more cost such as rent and operating cost. By franchising, extra cost could be avoidable. 2. Disadvantage of franchising One remarkable problem which franchisor could face is that it can lose control of operation. As franchisor doesnt have authority on operating, it might be difficult to keep high quality of service and exerts a bad influence on its brand and image. For example, the coffee bean was uncovered by Korea Food and Drug Administration because it had used unsuitable ingredient. In addition to this, it did not implement a regular staff heath inspection program. The incident damaged the companys image and it can be referred to as a typical example of the disadvantage. B. Hollys Coffee Hollys Coffee is a well-known Korean coffee retailer founded in 1998 and it has developed into one of the domestic competitors of foreign coffee retailers such as Starbucks and The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf in Korea. Since 1998, Hollys Coffee has steadily increased its stores and the number of them has amounted to more than 200 recently. Not satisfied with the huge success in Korean domestic market, Hollys Coffee decided to go abroad and opened stores in Malaysia and Los Angeles in US in 2007. A few months ago, in December 2009, Hollys Coffee launched the third international store in Peru, one of the coffee bean-producing nations. Hollys Coffee announced it would achieve two goals in Peru; operating eight stores and sales up to 7 billion Korean won within a year. In order to realize these goals, Hollys Coffee entered into the Peru through ‘master franchising method that allows individuals or corporations to buy the rights to sub-franchise within some specific countries.[xi] The company usually adapts master franchising method so as to minimize risk when it enters the country where its brand is seldom familiar to the local community as well as it is difficult to attract investments. In Peru, There are a lot of its own domestic coffee retailers and Hollys Coffee is rarely well-known to local people. Thus, it is very important to make Peruvians aware of its brand and Hollys Coffee might be exposed to the financial risk linked with heavy marketing expenditure such as bra nd promotion and advertisement in the course of spreading its brand. There are two entry strategies of Hollys Coffee in Peru one is to introduce products that have Korean own characteristic, another is to differentiate with other coffee brands by focusing on side menus like waffle or patisserie. The Point is that it is hard to make certain whether these strategies are effective enough in Peruvian coffee market or not. Since it is tough to control operation when a company takes franchising, it appears to be difficult to introduce Korean traditional teas and foods properly. IV. Conclusion We have discussed about several entry modes regarding international business. We have looked into Starbucks choice, The Coffee beans strategy as well as Hollys Coffees one. Before completing our study, we would like to discuss two points of contention. Firstly, should Starbucks stick to FDI for India? As discussed above, it has struggled from red tapes. In the end, they still cannot enter Indian market whereas its competitors have expanded their business in India. Secondly, was it a good idea for Hollys Coffee to take franchising entry mode along with a strategy of providing Korean traditional beverages? Since it is not well known and not familiar with local environment, it is understandable not to take FDI entry mode. However, doesnt it seem to go well with two ill-assorted strategies? All entry modes have advantages and disadvantages. Hence, it is absolutely important to apply an entry mode appropriately according to each business format. However, it could be dangerous to enter every region with the single entry mode even though it is the same industry. Both the problem that Starbucks faced in India and the pitfall Hollys Coffee is likely to face can explain how risky it is. Therefore, even though a company wants to expand its identical business abroad, it is recommended to take different entry modes in accordance with each nations regulations, culture, politics, economic and social environment. V. Appendix The composition of retailers of Starbucks (2009.9) Entry mode Total U.S % in US Overseas % in overseas Company Owned 8,832 6,764 61% 2,068 38% Licensed Stores (Joint Venture) 7,803 4,364 39% 3,439 62% Total 16,635 11,128 100% 5,507 100% The Major Overseas Performance of Starbucks (Non- North America) Strategy Region Year Nation Local Partner # of stores Joint Venture Asia 1996 Japan Sazaby Inc. 875 1998 Taiwan President Chain Store 222 2000 S.Korea Shinsegae Department store 288 2000 China Cayman Holdings 283 2002 Mei-xin International 2005 Coffee Concepts 2004 Malaysia Berjaya Group 118 Europe 2002 Spain Sigla, S.A 76 2002 Greece Marinopoulos Bros. 69 2003 Switzerland Marinopoulos Bros. 47 2003 Austria Marinopoulos Bros. N/A 2003 Cyprus Marinopoulos Bros. N/A 2004 France Sigla, S.A 52 2007 Romania Marinopoulos Bros. N/A 2008 Czech AmRest N/A 2008 Portugal Grupo VIPS N/A Direct Operation Asia 2000 Thailand Coffee Partners 131 2002 Australia Local Entrepreneur 23 2004 Singapore Bonstar 64 2005 China Qingdao American Starbucks 191 2006 Mei Da Coffee Europe 1996 UK Seattle Coffee 666 2004 Germany KarlstadtQulle 144 Licensing Asia 1997 Philippines Rustan 160 1998 New Zealand Restaurant Brand 42 2002 Indonesia PT Mitra Adiperkasa 74 Middle East 1999 Kuwait M.H. Alshaya 62 1999 Lebanon M.H. Alshaya N/A 2000 U.A.E M.H. Alshaya 91 2000 Qatar M.H. Alshaya N/A 2000 Saudi Arabia M.H. Alshaya 68 2000 Bahrain M.H. Alshaya N/A 2002 Oman M.H. Alshaya N/A 2005 Jordan M.H. Alshaya N/A Europe 2003 Turkey M.H. Alshaya 123 2006 UK N/A 46 2007 Russia M.H. Alshaya N/A The Coffee Bean and Tea Leafs International Expansion (2008) Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Company-Owned 177 191 217 241 270 288 278 Franchise 46 68 87 137 230 347 444 Total 223 259 304 378 500 625 722 VI. Reference n Starbucks timeline-Asia, Starbucks Corporation, 2009. n Starbucks timeline-EMEA, Starbucks Corporation, 2009. n Starbucks timeline-China, Starbucks Corporation, 2009. n Annual Report of 2009 (Form 10-K), Starbucks Corporation, 2009 n Starbucks India Strategy Looks Promising, Seeking alpha, Oct 2, 2006. n Starbucks Delays Entry of India, Vccircle, Jul 21, 2007 n ì  ¸Ã« â€ž, ì™ ¸Ãª µ ­Ã¬  ¸ ì § Ã¬  â€˜Ã­Ë† ¬Ã¬Å¾  ê ·Å"ì  Å"완화, Yonhap news, Feb 12, 2009 n Starbucks brews a fresh strategy for India entry, The Economic Times, Jan 29, 2010 n KKR in $200m Indian Coffee shop deal, Financial Times, Mar 17, 2010 n Company Growth, The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf (http://coffeebean.com/franchise/company.html) n What is a master franchising? (http://www.allbusiness.com/buying-exiting-businesses/franchising-franchises/2975165-1.html) [1] Cult-duct : A compound is formed from â€Å"culture† and â€Å"product†. It stands for selling a product with the companies culture and social values. Starbucks is a typical example of this. [i] Starbucks timeline-Asia, Starbucks Corporation, 2009 [ii] Annual Report of 2009 (Form 10-K) pp.4, Starbucks Corporation, 2009 [iii] Annual Report of 2009 (Form 10-K) pp.3, Starbucks Corporation, 2009 [iv] Starbucks timeline-Asia, Starbucks Corporation, 2009 [v] Starbucks India Strategy Looks Promising, Seeking alpha, Oct 2, 2006. [vi] Starbucks Delays Entry of India, Vccircle, Jul 21, 2007 [vii] ì  ¸Ã« â€ž, ì™ ¸Ãª µ ­Ã¬  ¸ ì § Ã¬  â€˜Ã­Ë† ¬Ã¬Å¾  ê ·Å"ì  Å"완화, Yonhap news, Feb 12, 2009 [viii] Starbucks brews a fresh strategy for India entry, The Economic Times, Jan 29, 2010 [ix] KKR in $200m Indian Coffee shop deal, Financial Times, Mar 17, 2010 [x] Company Growth, The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf (http://coffeebean.com/franchise/company.html) [xi] What is a master franchising? (http://www.allbusiness.com/buying-exiting-businesses/franchising-franchises/2975165-1.html)

Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers

Buddhism Buddhism, one of the major religions of the world, was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, who lived in northern India from 560 to 480 B.C. The time of the Buddha was one of social and religious change, marked by the further advance of Aryan Civilization into the Ganges Plain, the development of trade and cities, the breakdown of old tribal structures, and the rise of a whole spectrum of new religious movements that responded to the demands of the times (Conze 10). These movements were derived from the Brahmanic tradition of Hinduism but were also reactions against it. Of the new sects, Buddhism was the most successful and eventually spread throughout India and most of Asia. Today it is common to divide Buddhism into two main branches. The Theravada, or "Way of the Elders," is the more conservative of the two; it is dominant in Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand (Berry 23). The Mahayana, or "Great Vehicle," is more diverse and liberal; it is found mainly in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and among Tibetan peoples, where it is distinguished by its emphasis on the Buddhist Tantras (Berry 24). In recent times both branches, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, have gained followers in the West. It is virtually impossible to tell what the Buddhist population of the world is today; statistics are difficult to obtain because persons might have Buddhist beliefs and engage in Buddhist rites while maintaining folk or other religions such as Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, and Hindu (Corless 41). Such persons might or might not call themselves or be counted as Buddhists. Nevertheless, the number of Buddhists worldwide is frequently estimated at more than 300 million (Berry 32). Just what the original teaching of the Buddha was is a matter of some debate. Nonetheless, it may be said to have centered on certain basic doctrines. The first of the Four Noble Truths, the Buddha held, is suffering, or duhkha. By this, he meant not only that human existence is occasionally painful but that all beings; humans, animals, ghosts, hell- beings, even the gods in the heavens; are caught up in samsara, a cycle of rebirth, a maze of suffering in which their actions, or karma, keep them wandering (Coomaraswamy 53). Samsara ... ...bsp; The heart of Zen monasticism is the practice of meditation; it is this feature that has been most popular in Zen's spread to the West. Zen meditation highlights the experience of enlightenment, or satori, and the possibility of attaining it in this life. The strict training of Zen monks, the daily physical chores, the constant wrestling with koans, the long hours of sitting in meditation, and the special intensive periods of practice, or sesshin, are all directed toward this end. At the same time, enlightenment is generally thought of as being sudden. The meditator needs to be jolted awake, and the only one who can do this is his Zen master (Davids 113). The master-disciple relationship often involves private interviews in which the Zen trait of unconventionality sometimes comes to the fore; the master will allow no refuge in the Buddha or the sutras but demands from his disciple a direct answer to his assigned koan (Davids 114). Conversely, the master may goad the disciple by remaining silent or compassionately help him out, but with the constant aim of trying to cause a breakthrough from conventional to absolute truth (Corless 131).

The Prince Essay -- Essays Papers

The Prince The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli provides an analysis on how to govern and maintain power in a principality. In the first five chapters, he defines the three ways a monarch can acquire his dominion: either he inherits it, whether he creates a new one, or annexes territories, and further discusses how to govern them. Machiavelli states that hereditary principalities are less problematic than the mixed ones since newly acquired dominion tend to be more rebellious. The ruler must therefore colonize them and allow citizen to keep their laws or annihilate the governmental structure. In order to illustrate his point, he analyses the success of Alexander the Great conquest in Iran. He then considers five possible ways to acquire power and become a prince (Ch. VI-XI). First, a private citizen can become a ruler due to his own qualities or virtues, like Cyrus or Romulus. A second way to become a ruler is through other’s power or favor. Hence a man like Cesare Borgia gained power due to his father support, but lost it when the latter died. For Machiavelli, getting power so quickly can be dangerous since the new monarch might lack knowledge on how to govern. In the third case, he uses the example of Agathocles of Sicily to illustrate power gained through murders. In his opinion, the conqueror must decide if his crimes will help him establish power and then commit them all at once so that he can later reestablish the confidence of his subjects. The fourth method is called civil principality, people basically choose the ruler, and this enables him to maintain power. The last possibility is to be elected pope and Machiavelli provides a brief overview of the religious order. Next, he explores (Ch. XII- XIV) which arms are best to defend a principality and states that a ruler can chose to use â€Å"his own, or mercenaries, or auxiliaries or a mixture of all three.† From Chapter XV throughout Chapter XIX, Machiavelli proposes to describe how a prince should behave and tells the truth about surviving as a monarch, rather than recommending moral ideals. He describes the virtues commonly assimilated with a prince and concludes that some "virtues" will lead to a prince's destruction, whereas some "vices" will enable him to survive. He describes the advantages of being generous or greedy, merciful or severe, deceitful or honest. Machiavelli... ...d not suffer from bad consequences on the long run. On the other hand, the Exxon-Valdez oil-spill case is an example of deceptive PR. Indeed, not much was done for the Alaskan community and the corporation ended up being perceived in a very negative way by the general public. These two crisis communication cases show that people and mechanisms of power have things in common with Machiavelli’s times, but society has become less tolerant of evil strategies. Rulers or corporations still have the means to deceive, but people are no longer subject to an authority considered divine. Therefore, the ones who govern are exposed to feedback and can hardly avoid the consequences of their acts. A counter example, of course, would be the one of President Clinton as he voluntarily lied in court about his relation with Monica Lewinsky. He put on the face of virtue to deceive his citizens and in so doing manipulated the perception they had of him. In fact, Clinton’s communication specialists probably advised him to use this strategy, which follow the Machiavellian precepts. Although power might not exactly be the same anymore, principles on human natures are constant throughout time.

me :: essays research papers

I am currently taking an art class, which I love, some psychology classes (I had to pull strings to get into those ones, because they are only for juniors and seniors!) and a comp class (yours). Yo soy tanbien en espanol dos :) es muy interesante. (I am also in Spanish Two, it is very interesting!!!!!!!!)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’m the oldest in my family, and I have a younger sister (12) and a younger brother (6). Since I was 11 years old, I have wanted to be an occupational therapist and teach disabled kids how to ride horses; it is something that I really enjoy doing. I also enjoy drawing (I'm in drawing two) and hablando en espanol. (Talking in Spanish). I am currently taking an art class, which I love, some psychology classes (I had to pull strings to get into those ones, because they are only for juniors and seniors!) and a comp class (yours). Yo soy tanbien en espanol dos :) es muy interesante. (I am also in Spanish Two, it is very interesting!!!!!!!!)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’m the oldest in my family, and I have a younger sister (12) and a younger brother (6). Since I was 11 years old, I have wanted to be an occupational therapist and teach disabled kids how to ride horses; it is something that I really enjoy doing. I also enjoy drawing (I'm in drawing two) and hablando en espanol. (Talking in Spanish) I am currently taking an art class, which I love, some psychology classes (I had to pull strings to get into those ones, because they are only for juniors and seniors!) and a comp class (yours). Yo soy tanbien en espanol dos :) es muy interesante.

Ohm’s law & resistors in parallel & in series Essay

Objectives: Our object is to confirm Ohm’s law by analyzing the dependence of the electrical current as a function of voltage and as a function of resistance. Also, we studied the current flow and voltage in series and parallel. Finally, the lab determined the equivalence resistance of series and parallel combination of resistors and compared the results with theoretical data. Theoretical Background: The first thing that needs to be described in this lab is what the electric current I: I =. The electric current is defined as charge over time and the unit is ampere (A). In a case where we have the voltage, resistance and current we can set the equation for resistance to be; R = where the unit is called Ohm (â„ ¦). â€Å"The current through a resistor is directly proportional to the applied voltage V and inversely proportional to the resistance† (College Physics Laboratory Experiments, 43) in our lab experiment we used some machinery to produce and to measure voltage and some current. We were then able to find its resistance. These apparatus are called ammeter which displays the amount of current in circuit, and the voltmeter to read the voltage (potential difference). Reminding that this diagram is named circuit and V is applied across the ends of the metallic conductors. The second part of our lab was dedicated to find the resistance in the resistors both in parallel and in series. The formula to find the resistance through series is fairly easy; it looks a lot like the formula in series for conductors. It’s basically RA+RB+RC = Req. When it comes to find the total  resistance when the resistors are in parallel we add the reciprocal of the combination of resistors. It will look like this; + + = Procedure: Part 1: Verification of Ohm’s Law 1 Investigate the variation of the current with potential difference when the resistance is constant. a Set up the circuit as shown in Fig 4.2 and chose the resistance of the variable resistor box of R = 1000 â„ ¦. Set the ammeter to the range of mA and the voltmeter across the resistor the range of 25V. b After the instructor has checked the circuits, turn on the power supply. c Vary the output voltage of the power supply from 4 V to 10 V in the increment of 1 V and record the readings of the voltage V across the resistor and the corresponding current I through the resistor in Table 1. d Using the same circuit setup, set resistance of the variable resistor box to R = 1200â„ ¦ and repeat the steps 2 and 3. 2 Investigate the variation of the current with resistance when the voltage is constant. a Use the same circuit setup and set the output voltage of power supply to 12V. b By keeping the output voltage of the power supply constant, vary the resistance of the resistor box from 700 â„ ¦ to 1700 â„ ¦ in increments of 200 â„ ¦. Record values of the current I through the resistor and the corresponding resistance R in table2. Data: Attached to report. Calculations: 1 Use the data from table 1 to plot a graph of current Vs. voltage for both values of the resistance. Determine the slope of the graph. From the slope of the graph find the resistance using: a) R = R = R =1000 â„ ¦ % diff = = 0% b) R = R = R =1250 â„ ¦ c) Slope = 12.7 V = 12 v Questions: 1. Does your resistance follow Ohm’s law? Base your answer on your experimental data. The resistance does closely follow Ohm’s law because when using the data mathematically it is closely related to the resistance present in the data. 2. A typical color television draws about 2.5 A when connected a 120V source. What is the effective resistance of the TV set? I = , R = = = 48 â„ ¦ 3. Explain the difference between series and parallel connections. In a series circuit the charge is 1/Q + 2/Q + while in a parallel connection, the charge is added to the total voltage. 4. Does your experiment present evidence that the current divides in a parallel circuit? No. 5. From your experimental observations of a series circuit, what relationship do you find between the voltages across the individual resistance and voltage across the entire series group? The voltage in a series compared to parallel is much lower 6. From your experimental observations of a series circuit, what relationship do you find between the voltages across the individual resistance and current flow across the entire series network? The resistance is constant. 7. Conclusion: Our results for both parts of this lab demonstrated the relationship outlined by Ohm’s Law and fostered a higher comprehension of the mechanisms driving circuit behavior. The direct relationships between voltage, current, and resistance allow measurements of the voltage and current without resistance being known. Additionally, the ability to manipulate voltage allowed the experiment to contain a sense of systematic collection of data to provide a contextual experimental example of the relationships in Ohm’s law. Moreover, the experiment also demonstrated how the different are configurations of resistors, parallel.