Monday, September 30, 2019

My child’s IQ is bigger than yours Essay

In May 2002 an article titled ‘My child’s IQ is bigger than yours’, written by Carol Sarler, was published in the newspaper ‘The Observer’. The article expresses a harsh critique of the IQ measurement in general, especially the problems concerning measuring children’s IQ, and the newly snobbery behind this tendency. ‘The Observer’ is a major British newspaper, published on Sundays. As its sister newspaper ‘The Guardian’ it is known for its left-of-centre political stance. The newspaper’s readership is generally on the mainstream left of British political opinion, which is represented by the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats. The article is a reaction to the BBC television programme called ‘Test the Nation’, which appeared on television the night before the article was published. The author of the article, Carol Sarler’s, opinion on the idea of testing our IQ is unequivocally presented in the subtitle of the article: â€Å"The parents who see their bright offspring as status symbols really do need their heads examined.† She thinks that it is absolutely wrong to measure intelligence – especially children’s intelligence. Because of the article’s subjective point of view, it is a feature article. In this article Carol Sarler shares her opinion on the topic by using a sarcastic, and slightly sophisticated, language. The purpose is to make the reader laugh and at the same time get disgusted by the image she gives of parents being pathetic. Throughout the article Carol Sarler balances between the laughable and the serious aspect of the topic, she addresses in the article. While the title and subtitle of the article is rather humoristic, the article’s opening story about a highly intelligent young man, who committed suicide, is deeply tragic. In this connexion it is important to note that this article is written in extension of the author’s earlier article about this specifically intelligent young man, who committed suicide only two days after she published her interview with him. Carol Sarler obviously felt sorry for the young man and somewhat guilty about the suicide and therefore wishes to make her opinion on IQ-measuring clear. This story makes the reader interested in reading the full article, to find out how an IQ rating scale can cause so much damage. By using this kind of story, Carol Sarler uses the mode of  persuasion called pathos, as she appeals to the reader’s emotions. The article is, as mentioned, a response to the nationally broadcasted BCC programme ‘Test the Nation’. Carol Sarler compares the purpose of the national published programme with grotesque experiments in the 1950s and 1960s. Though the actual purpose between the two is not same, she nevertheless compares them, because she basically think it is wrong to measure intelligence in any way. The article shortly implicates one of the specialists involved in ‘Test the Nation’, Dr Colin Cooper, in the discussion. But Carol Sarler’s sarcastic language tears his defence of the ‘Test the Nation’ to pieces. At the same occasion she claims that IQ is becoming the new snobbery, a tendency she has lately observed in the United States. She hereby directs the reader’s attention towards her main focus in the debate about testing intelligence – parents testing their children’s intelligence. Her argument is that middle-class parents are en couraged to measure the intelligence of their children because it is becoming a social status symbol similar to a classy zip code. The article’s title clearly makes fun of the type of parents, she describes. The illustration, which is also a part of the article, really gives the reader a picture of what Carol Sarler thinks of the parents, who exposes their clever children as if they were something material. Her concern is that this new tendency harms the children, who are tested and labelled abnormally bright at a very young age. The children with high IQ’s are pressured with high expectations and pushed into private schools, which according to Carol Sarler is harmful for their social and personal abilities. As backing for her argumentation, Carol Sarler refers to the story about another young boy aged 14 with an incredibly high IQ, who according to her has very little success with his personal relationships because he is, frankly, odd. She ties this story together with the story about the young man, who committed suicide by using the same phrases, and suggesting that he too could end up with a lou sy job in a bingo hall. By using these two stories Carol Sarler also uses the mode of persuasion called ethos. She establishes an image of herself as being experienced and reliable by using experiences from her own personal and professional life   an author. Furthermore she implicates historic events and names, such as old experiments and Archimedes, to demonstrate her general knowledge and her knowledge in proportion to the topic. Her language is also sophisticated, and the vocabulary is slightly difficult, which also gains ethos as an author, since it makes her appear more intelligent and reliable. This is especially evident in the passage where she comments on the methods used in the BBC television programme ‘Test the Nation’: â€Å"The objections were two-fold, the lesser of them being a disbelief that intelligence actually can be measured: in spite of the programme makers’ hefty reference in advance publicity to the scientific validation of their methodology, their claim that the questions were nothing to do with general knowledge was simply untrue.† The language in the article contains many British idioms, e.g. â€Å"premier cheese† and â€Å"wheeled out†. The main function of this rhetorical feature is to gain both pathos and ethos as an author, and give this a humoristic twist by mixing it with typical British sarcastic humour. Carol Sarler uses the humoristic content in the article as a part of her rhetorical appeal. The purpose is to entertain the reader, make the article more readable, and demean her opponent’s opinions, as she does when she implicates Dr Colin Cooper in the debate. To sum up Carol Sarler uses a number of rhetorical features in order to support her argumentation, and thereby convince the reader that measuring and testing children’s IQ is not right, and that parents’ motive for measuring children’s IQ is pathetic and damaging to the children’s personal life and social abilities. In order to do this, Carol Sarler’s article is both effective and successful. In spite of this, the readers must be likely to ask the question: isn’t there anything positive about IQ-measuring? What about children, whose highly intelligent brain is not stimulated in school? Is it wrong to prescribe extra lessons for these children, who are bored in school? It is wrong to use your child’s IQ as a social status symbol, but it must be possible to make certain reservations when you raise a child with an exceptional high IQ, without harming the child’s personal life and social abilities.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Chromatography for Protein Purification

Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY of SINGAPORE Chemical Engineering Process Laboratory II Experiment B2 Chromatography for Protein Purification Name Matric No. Group : : : Date of Expt. : GRADE : A. Learning objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. Establish chromatographic assay to determine protein concentrations in a mixture. Appreciate the importance of resolution in protein chromatography. Understand the tension between purity and yield in protein chromatography. Understand the importance of mass balance closure in protein purification.B. Introduction I. Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the workhorse for any biopharmaceutical protein downstream processing train, featuring at least twice within the train. You must recall experiencing the HPLC in one of the experiments in your CN2108 module. Read up on the essential parts of the HPLC system. In this experiment, you will use a modification of the HPLC, the FPLC (Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography System) to separate and purify a mixture of two proteins.The FPLC has been developed to specifically take advantage of the resolution capability of the HPLC for protein purification and collection. II. Concepts in LC When a mixture of proteins is injected into an LC column, the proteins interact with the stationary phase based on their respective chemistries and move through the column at different speed. Based on this differential migration, the proteins elute from the end of the column at different times and therefore become separated. This process is usually facilitated by following the proteins with a mobile phase.Although the protein mixture will have entered as a narrow, concentrated peak, it will exit dispersed and diluted by the mobile phase. This is called bandspreading. Bandspreading (which is an inverse indication of the column efficiency) must be minimized especially for large-scale protein purification. When bandspreading is severe, the proteins may not be sufficiently resolved within a reasonable time-frame. The degree of separation of one component from another is referred to as the resolution (RS), determined based on equation 1 (refer to Fig. 1): RS = VB ? V A 0. (W A + WB ) †¦Eqn. (1) Injection wA VA VB wB Figure 1. Typical protein chromatogram Note that resolution can also be defined based on retention times, instead of volumes. There are various ways to improve resolution, the most straightforward of which is to vary the mode of elution – isocratic versus gradient. Both of these modes are based on the strength of the mobile phase, which directly affects the interactions between the proteins and the stationary phase. In protein chromatography, it is desirable to have high yield as well as high purity of the collected fraction.Yield is the amount of a protein collected as a fraction of the total amount of the same protein fed, while purity is a measure of how much of that protein is in the fraction collected. C. Experimental I. Protein Quantification You will design an experiment to obtain the calibration curves for the two proteins provided using FPLC. You are provided with the following for this experiment: 1. An FPLC system which has been properly set up and equilibrated. You only need to inject 100  µL of each of your samples, and your data will be recorded and analysed by the computer.Note the profile of the mobile phase programmed. 2. A protein mixture containing two proteins (S1 and S2) at concentrations of 1. 0 mg/mL each. II. Protein Purification and Collection You are to perform a chromatographic purification of 1mL of the protein mixture provided. You can expect the chromatogram shown in Fig. 2. Myoglobin Lysozyme Figure 2. Chromatogram of two proteins from FPLC Based on Figure 2, you are to conduct the following: 1. Collect one fraction of the highest yield that is 100% pure S1, and the balance in another fraction. 2.Collect one fraction containing a s much of S1 fed as possible. D. Discussion 1. 2. Briefly describe the experiment that you designed in CI. Explain your choice of the collection times for each of your collection in experiment CII. Determine the yield and purity of each of your collected fractions. Perform a material closure for each of CII (1) and CII (2). Based on your results in (2) above, rationalize the importance of resolution in chromatographic separations. Given the tension between yield and purity, which, in your opinion, is more crucial, yield or purity?How do you propose to improve the resolution of S1 and S2 in this chromatographic purification? 3. 4. Useful Notes 1. Reagents: a. Mixture of two proteins b. Mobile phase – 2M ammonium sulfate in 100mM Phosphate buffer pH 7. 0 c. Elution – 100mM Phosphate buffer pH 7. 0 FPLC to be set up with the appropriate parameters: a. detection wavelength at 280nm b. sample loop – 100  µL c. HIC column for protein separation. d. mobile phase â₠¬â€œ 2 M ammonium sulfate e. mobile phase flow rate: 1 mL/min f. gradient elution – linear gradient 100% to 0% over 10 column volume. 2.

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Watch video, answer question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Watch video, answer question - Essay Example The video uses Ranjeet to explain the issue of social mobility and all the relevant concerns. Social mobility has both benefits and drawbacks, as it is visible from the case study. Firstly, social mobility results in immense rural to urban migration. For example, New Delhi has a population of 10,000 people per every square kilometer. Such a population can be explained by the 300 million people that have migrated from the rural areas to India’s major cities to reap the benefits of the current economic boom. Problems may arise. Social mobility is the cause of unemployment, insecurity, low wages, and shortages in housing. However, Ranjeet Kumar is an example of the benefits of rural to urban migration. As the video approaches the end, he goes back to the village and tries to convince his peers to move to the village. He also relocates his family to the city where they can access the much-needed medical cover, and his children may access quality education. If more people become ad vocates of such migration, the traditional social hierarchies would gradually change for a better India. Geert Hofstede characterizes the culture of India in terms of power distance (77%), individualism (48%), masculinity (56%), uncertainty avoidance (40%), pragmatism (51%), and indulgence (26%) ("THE HOFSTEDE CENTRE."). His classification draws a significant rift between the rich and the poor in the society. For example, power distance stands at 77% meaning that the less powerful population in the rural areas have accepted that there is unequal distribution of power within the country. Power in this case might be measured by wealth, health, and literacy levels. Such elements of power are only accessible in the urban regions. Urban migration might do little to change the characterization. Most of the population in India is individualistic. Ranjeet’s case study is a clear indication of

Friday, September 27, 2019

Blood Spatter Analysis Forensic Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blood Spatter Analysis Forensic Science - Essay Example Serologists deal with the entirely blood-connected part. For crime scene investigators, blood spatter analysis has provided a powerful tool. Recently blood spatter analysis had been done on the computers. Still, without the help of experienced professionals, it had not been possible to deal with such a sensitive subject. Bloodshed during crime or violence always leaves a pattern of its own, that never fails to tell the gory story of violence that took place. Mostly blood spatter analysis is a kind of elimination; reducing the possible number of suspects from a murder scene and narrowing them to a manageable limit. There are a few unalterable rules about the bloodstain analysis. The smaller the blood spatters, it is considered, as greater energy was employed to create them and vice versa. Blood placidly planning would create a bigger stain, or calmer stains and when unlimited violence and force is employed, those blood stains create much smaller, but many stains. If the analysis is done according to the guidelines, it provides a tremendous amount of information for any forensic evidence. Usually the analysis is based on the main characteristics of liquid blood: gravity, viscosity and surface tension. It is also conducive with the laws of mathematics and physics as literally every drop of blood tells a story, by showing the flow and possible cause of it. This means that the analysis mainly depends on the terminal velocity of falling blood drops, their size and shape. There is another very important factor: the characteristics of the target surface. The object on which the bloodstains are traced could become an important part of the enquiry. We all know that undying controversies still arise from the blood spatter analysis done after the unfortunate assassination of President Kennedy on that fateful day in 1963 and they simply refuse to go even after decades. "Blood is perhaps the most valuable evidence in the world of forensic science because its presence always links the suspect and victim to one another and the crime scene It can provide information such as who struck whom first, in what manner, and how many times. Scrupulous analysis can destroy alibi and self-defence arguments for a crime" http://www.bergen.org/EST/Year5/blood.htm Angled impact of the blood drops, depending either on the position of the victim, or on the aslant position of the target surface, too is of prominence. A horizontal target surface in motion would provide an entirely different kind of exhibit. High velocity blood spatters, low velocity blood spatters, dripped blood, dried blood, drying blood, splashed blood, fine mist of blood spray, arterial spurting, wiping patters, dragging patters, rolling patterns, patterns of transfer to another alien surface, flowing patterns all have a certain information for the analyst and with this information,

Thursday, September 26, 2019

You are the judge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

You are the judge - Essay Example Elaine has sued to recover her occupant. The plaintiff is supported by facts and legal rules that include written Promises whereby all employees at-will employees included are guarded by law in the case of unlawful termination. Elaine by her employer wrote the job offer letter; Jerry can be produced in court. The letter stated that Elaine would receive an annual salary of $30,000 and instead she was fired within the stated period. Availability of indirect promises could deter the employer from firing an employee. The court to determine whether the promise exist checks on assurances which could have been made by your employer that there was job continuity, the employment period in question and furthermore if your employer violated a legal practice while firing process in this case jerry did not offer Elaine a warning and reason for termination (Henry 67). In case the employer breached the good faith and fair dealing the termination would definitely be illegal. In situations where an employer terminates and employer so that he/she cannot claim the commission or if an employee is fired then be replaced by another employee who will earn less than the former employee. Elaine was fired and replaced by Kramer, who was less experienced and had low education level than Elaine and definitely, Kramer will work for low pay. An employee must not be fired in case he/she discloses a company’s illegal practice like failure to pay its workers or if he/she becomes a whistleblower discloses the harmful deeds of the company like environmental pollution. Finally, an employer must never fire an employee due to his gender, race, nationality, religion or age. In case of discrimination, an employee can sue the company if he/she if these claims are true (Henry 45). Facts and legal rules that support defendant argument include giving out warning letters and in case of no improvement then termination is justified. The employer must document all corrective records,

The Global Drug Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Global Drug Trade - Essay Example The global narcotics traffic once contained to Europe and America, exploded as heroin production shifted to the South-East Asian market. The once straightforward drug route of Marseille-New York shifted to a complex web of global trafficking that â€Å"tied rising First World consumption to spreading Third world production† (McCoy 2003). On the supply end, developing countries were undergoing economic hardship and people were searching for lucrative solutions to supplement their incomes. Organized crime and drug cartels emerged to capitalize on this growing market. Increased production resulted in ``increased trafficking and availability of drugs in developed countries and transit countries, thus contributing to an overall spread and expansion of demand`` (Reichel 2004). By the 1980s, drugs were wreaking havoc on local communities across the globe. In North America, cocaine was the drug of choice, both for South American cartels and global consumers. Panama, Columbia, and Mexi co became huge producers of cocaine with transit routes passing through Central America and into the U.S and Canada. Crack, a cheaper and more addictive version of cocaine emerged and with devastating consequences to poor communities. By 1986, the American â€Å"war on drugs† was in full swing, with the Reagan Administration pouring 1.7 billion into the cause (Frontline 2008). While the U.S struggled to deal with the increasing prevalence of cocaine and crack, Europe was battling against a growing heroin problem. e problem. Switzerland in particular was facing "one of the highest rates of heroin addiction in Europe" (Foulkes 2008) According to McCoy, during the 1980s, Afghanistan became Europe's main opium supplier, due primarily to CIA covert operations that served to transform southern Asia from a self-contained opium zone into a major supplier of heroin for the world market. He states: "CIA intervention provided the political protection and logistic linkages that joined Afghanistan's poppy fields to heroin markets in Europe and America" (McCoy 1991). Although the war on drugs made headway in combating drug use in the North America, by the 1990s, the production and consumption of drugs was on the rise again. This time due, primarily, to the end of the Cold War. TRENDS IN GLOBAL DRUG TRAFFICKING With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the former Soviet countries were in a state of economic collapse. The result was complex but included: "the shipment of

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Case study analysis for The Garden of Freshness (from logistics point

Analysis for The Garden of Freshness (from logistics point of view) - Case Study Example However, recent instances of customers complaining of stock-outs of specific fruits and vegetables and lack of fresh products have caught the attention of management and the owners of this family business. Garden of Freshness was established as a fruits, grocery, deli and bakery company with special attention on quality and availability of fresh products every time. Very soon the company opened up two more stores with 120 employees currently working for it. While the supplies department is looked after by Marc Pineault, the administration is in the hands of his brother- Sylvain Pineault. There are managers for each store who directly report to the supervisor and every store has two kinds of employees- production employees for logistics functions of loading and unloading the trucks and frontline employees to assist and advice the customers. Currently, Marc Pineault is facing serious nightmares on the issue of shortage of perishable products every afternoon and also the quality proposition which is their unique selling proposition. Most of the vegetables and other products do not remain fresh after the second partial delivery is made to the stores, thereby leaving the customers dissatisfied. Going through the facts of the case reveal the following issues and challenges: Superficially, the issues faced by Marc Pineault seem of operational level but an in-depth analysis of the entire scenario reveals some major strategic loopholes. Shortcomings in the strategic and operational planning of Garden of Freshness are: Strategically, the business has expanded but arrangements to sustain the growth have not been accounted for. The selection of suppliers is the biggest loophole which is damaging the logistics of the business. Every evening the purchasers visit the Central market and every single supplier to assess the price and quality. This is in fact very time consuming and

Monday, September 23, 2019

Reflective Account Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Reflective Account - Essay Example According to Kohenen (2004), student must be facilitated in developing reflective learning through working on beliefs, experiences and learning assumptions on their own. As a volunteer teacher working with special needs primary school children I was able to practically learn a lot of skills which I think a long way in assisting develop my professional outlook going forward. For learning to occur there must be an explicit awareness and understanding of just exactly what is to be learnt as well as why it is necessary. Learning has been defined as a process of creating new knowledge and understanding that takes place through transforming experience (Kohenen, 2004). Reflection on its parts plays a very crucial role of I the learning process by bridging the gap between theoretical conceptualisations and practical experience. There is no doubt therefore that volunteer experiential learning is an important aspect of education that will help students transit from the theoretical setting of the class to the much important practical application of knowledge. Successful transformation must include both theory and application which almost guarantees learning. Reflective experiential learning will no doubt play an important part in my development and conceptualisation of ideas. Experiential learning integrates the theory and practical aspects of learning with aim of attaining a wholesome approach and stress the importance of experience in learning. it takes various forms such as work study assignments, internships in the business world, exchange & volunteer programs in education, clinical experience and many others depending on the industry. Principles of reflective and experiential learning are applicable in both formal and informal learning settings. The most important element is the emphasis on active participation through interaction where learners get

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Little Speech on Liberty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Little Speech on Liberty - Essay Example According to him, liberty is ‘twofold’: first one is natural and grants the man freedom to do whatever he wishes, good or evil; the second one is freedom granted by federal authority that limits his freedom within defined parameters. Winthrop emphatically asserts that first type of personal freedom often makes beast of a man and makes him act in manner that could harm him or others. The civil or federal freedom is important as it safeguards his as well as others’ interests and welfare. It ensures that individuals’ liberty does not adversely impact others or oneself. It is like the freedom of choice given by Church who makes it God’s order that man must act for the good of others and evil acts are against God’s covenant. Winthrop speech is to exonerate his actions in the court which had resulted in his impeachment. Though he was later acquitted, his speech has amply implied that harsh actions taken were broadly in the wider welfare of the persons and public at

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Graduation Speech Essay Example for Free

Graduation Speech Essay I know it’s a clichà © to say this, but I have to greet all of you first from the bottom of my heart, good morning! Thank you for all of your support and encouragement that here we are celebrating our graduation day together and here I am delivering my last speech to you. It feels like just yesterday, 4 years ago, I was so excited for my first day in middle school. I thought I was so grown up already in the new uniform, facing through new challenges and being in new surroundings. I met so many different kinds of people. Sometimes I got hurt, sometimes I got happy. I learned how to deal with each one of them. But as time passed by, things seemed to be a lot harder than I thought. There are times I wanted to give up, but deep inside me tried so hard to motivate myself. This is what everyone’s facing, this is just another step to build oneself to become a stronger and more mature person. We planned our dreams and future, how would it be like, and how nice would it be to reach it. Some said they wanted to be a doctor to help sick people, some said they wanted to be an architect because it’ll earn a lot of money, and some said they wanted to be an actor so they can be famous and well known. I had a lot of dreams. I never knew what I really wanted and what I’m good at. Steve jobs said to do what you love and he seemed to do it so easily, but I don’t even know what I love. I found all jobs are interesting. I only knew one thing that I wanted, it’s a little cheesy, and I’m sure it’s what everyone wanted, happiness. But I realized, you can’t just sit there and be happy, or you can’t just look for happiness on the top of the mountain. Happiness will come to you, when you reached success. When you reached what you wanted. Isn’t it? I like to over think everything, but I realized there’s no use to think and worry too much. Just do it and go with the flow, they said. And then you’ll find what you love at the end. We are all still in a journey to go there. Maybe just not yet, but soon we’ll be there. This is just another step. We are still young, trying to be grown-ups. This is not the end, this is another new beginning. We’re graduating. After this, don’t stop. Don’t ever stop catching your dreams. Don’t stop learning until you’ll be rest in peace. Don’t ever waste your days, because just in a second you can discover something that might change your life. From there, now I observed how I changed, how I developed in becoming a better and mature person. We all been through those steps and here we are, another step in life when we will graduate and continue with our lives. Doing what you wanted to do, catching your dreams or some of you might stay at home and rest. Remember those times when we can’t wait to grow up? Yes, we were wrong aren’t we? EditSteps 1Unless you are a very good public speaker, it is absolutely necessary that you write your speech and make an outline. Writing the speech allows you to put down on paper the types of words, phrases, and transitions that you want to use. The outline is used to remember your thoughts when you actually give your speech. You DO NOT want to read your written speech word for word (please read the Warning section). Ads by Google Free Lesson Plans Free interactive lesson plan ideas for K-12 teachers. Join ePals today www.ePals.com/join 2There is no one way of writing a speech. However, you want to make sure that you have an engaging introduction, organized thoughts, and a strong conclusion. A website like http://www.speech-topics-help.com/graduation-speech-topics.html can provide you with specific topic ideas. If you dont know how to start or what to say, just start writing.You dont have to go anywhere in your writing, but just let your thoughts run out on paper and see where it gets you. 3In the case of a high school graduation speech, it is absolutely important that your speech embodies these two principles: 1) it should be inclusive of your peers and audience (use we, not I), and , 2) it should talk about the good times and not the bad. There should be nothing negative in the speech. Check out this high school graduation speech to give you some ideas on writing your own. 4Practice, Practice, Practice! Practice your speech many times in front of the mirror. To break your nervousness, keep telling yourself: I can say this speech, and I can say it ultra sweet! Also, integrating hand motions in your speech can loosen you up and also help eat at nervousness, but dont overdo it. 5Before your graduation ceremony, do a trial run of your speech wearing your graduation cap and gown. Pretend as if all of your peers are sitting in front of you. 6Go to graduation with a happy countenance. Have your outline and then say your speech. Contrary to popular opinion, LOOK at your peers/parents when talking to them, as opposed to looking beyond them. Realize that although you never got along with most of these people in high school, they are the peers and members of YOUR senior class. Look at them and give them a speech that expresses all your heart and feeling for the good times at school and a hope for a better future. Ads by Google Pretty Dresses from P 199 Fashionable Sexy Dresses Online! Shop Now. Free Delivery Return www.ZALORA.com.ph Shop at Multiply PH Shop at Multiply, the Philippines largest online shopping destination www.multiply.com How Can I Find God? The Bible Explains How To Find God. Begin Your Relationship Right Now. everystudent.com EditTips A good hand motion to use when talking is to spread your arms and swoop them back towards the middle of your chest; this gives the effect that you are including all of your peers into one united senior class. Consulting with your high school drama and English teachers may prove useful in creating a popping speech. Identify your audience. Mostly kids? Parents? Strangers? Think about who youre talking to as you write. Involve your audience by asking questions or making requests. Ads by Google Keynote Speaker See what Marti Barletta will bring to your event. www.TrendSight.com High School Online Self-paced online courses, Earn your High School Diploma. www.aiuhs.org Evangel Christian School K-12th Grade New York City Approved SEVIS Approved to Issue Form I-20 www.EvangelChristianSchool.org EditWarnings Do NOT get nervous. Do NOT say anything controversial in your speech. Do not insult, criticize, or slander in your speech. Dont talk bad about the principal or anyone else. Do NOT make pranks when giving your speech, unless your administrators have approved you doing so. Unless your school requires you to submit a written speech and to stick to the words of your speech, DO NOT read directly from your written, prepared speech, as you could sound dull. It is better to use an outline and practice your speech beforehand. To reiterate, the only purpose of the written speech is to give a structure to your speech by putting down the approximations of the words and phrases you will use during your speech, but the exact wording of your speech will change each time you practice the speech. First I would like to start by saying thank you to all the parents, teachers, administration and faculty of Urbana High School. I would like to give a special thanks to Dr. Laura Taylor for all that she has done in her time here at UHS. Because of your support and encouragement, we are all here today celebrating this special day together. Also, I couldnt forget this awesome group of students sitting in front of me. It has been a great pleasure being able to represent this class as president for the past two years. I couldnt ask for a better group of students, classmates and friends! ​So I found out the hard way that starting a graduation speech is definitely not as easy as it may sound. As I sat around and brainstormed all of the possibilities for the beginning of this speech, I figured it would probably make the most sense to just start from the beginning of us as students. ​A little over 12 years ago, all of us were about 5 or 6 years old and were ready for our first day of school. Like most kindergarten students, Im sure almost all of us had many of the same experiences on that first day. We were excited with our new Power Ranger or maybe even Barbie lunch-box, dressed in our new favorite school outfit and I’m sure our parents were there with their cameras snapping pictures and wishing us well as they sent us off alone. Little did they know, this was only the beginning of a new chapter in our lives and I must say, in some ways not much has changed in these past 12 years.   As we went though elementary school and into middle school, we began to see ourselves mature. We saw it as an exciting new experience and we began to realize how much things had changed just over one summer. Middle school gave us all the chance to meet new people from different schools, make new friends and most importantly, become more independent. Then, those three years flew by and we were ready for a new adventure; high school. Many of us remember our first day of high school like it was yesterday. I remember walking in the Race Street doors on the day of our freshmen orientation seeing the sidewalk covered in chalk. Things like Freshmen bedtime and the words â€Å"Class of 2012â€Å" with a big X through it were written all over the concrete and Im sure after that, I wasnt the only one that felt intimidated by the older kids meaningless jokes. After a few months of being in high school and getting to know the upperclassmen, we were finally starting to get the feel of what it was really like to be a student at UHS. We experienced our first spirit week, attended school dances and were able to become more social by getting involved in any type of activity that interested us. Throughout our years at UHS some of us decided to join sports team, clubs, band or drama, and come to find out, we have so many talented students in this class. Many have really helped our sports teams improve, our clubs expand and help promote all that Urbana has to offer. Along with sports team, we were also to be the first class that was able to enjoy and embrace our newly built athletic complex. ​Not only have our years here been socially fulfilling but academically as well. So thanks to us, UHS is getting the much deserved attention that it needs and all of our hard work and dedication has given us another small push in hopes of building up our future. Now as we look back, it might seem that every year in high school seemed to end pretty similarly. Finals, warm weather, yearbooks and most excitingly, countdowns until summer. until this year. Once second semester rolled around, we had a new countdown to consider: how many days until graduation? That was the real question. Before you turn the page that begins the next chapter of your life, take the time to say thank you and goodbye. What a honor and a privilege to present high school graduation speeches! FREE HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION SPEECHES Good Evening Honored Guests, Ladies, Gentlemen and Students Our high school years seem to have passed in a flurry of activities: courses attended, grades attained, extra curricular activities, social events and lesson learned. It is hard to believe that the next few months will see the Graduating Class of [insert year] facing new horizons and challenges. Some of us may stay closer to home, some may move slightly further away and yet others may find themselves in a totally different continent. Free high school graduation speeches continued. Where ever you may find yourself and what ever challenge you may have chosen to follow and explore hold true to what shaped your yesterdays; acknowledge and appreciate what you are today and dare to be all that you can be tomorrow! As the Graduating Class of [insert year] we need to express our gratitude for the wonderful opportunities that we were exposed to. Our thanks must go to all the staff and the management of [insert name of high school]. We are privileged to have attended this school. [Insert name of school] offers a world class education of that we have no doubt. As we make a relatively smooth transition into life beyond school, I am sure that the fine education that we received will stand us in good stead time and again. Our thanks must also extend to our parents and guardians. You have remained committed to our education, but more importantly, you have remained committed to us. You have stood by our sides, even when things may have seemed a bit rocky steadfast and constant stability in a time of turmoil, hesitancy and our quest for independence. Today, we stand on the brink of a new chapter in our lives. Take a moment to reflect on everything that we have achieved. Take a moment to look back and to see and appreciate just how far we have all come. Today is our opportunity to acknowledge our accomplishments. Some may have achieved more than others with relative ease. Some may have had to work hardermay have had to dig deeper to find the resolve to continue to meet the challenge and perhaps some may have let opportunities pass them by? Either way, today, you need to acknowledge where you are. You may find that your high school years were years well spent. You may find that you regret some of the opportunities that you allowed to slip by. Acknowledge them, accept them and then prepare to move onto tomorrow! You need to dare to dream to be all that you can be tomorrow. Dale Carnegie said, The person who goes furthest is generally the one who is willing to DO and DARE! This is the challenge that lies before you this evening. Dare to be all that you can be. Dare to chase your chosen career Dare to excel Dare to go the extra mile Dare to show compassion Dare to make your mark in the world Dare to have empathy Dare to be the best you can be and then DO it! Overly simplistic? Probably. Within our reach? Definitely! My thanks and fondest best wishes go with you one and all. ​And now, the countdown is finally over. Here we are today. At our high school graduation. OK, so we didn’t bring our cool new lunch-boxes or wear our brand new school clothes but instead, we are wearing caps and gowns while once again, our parents are here with their cameras, snapping pictures and wishing us well as we prepare for the next chapter in our life. ​So, in the long run I think it would be safe to say, leave behind what isn’t helpful, like your cool cartoon lunch-box you brought on your first day of school, and instead, bring forward with you the lessons that will be the working parts of your greatest invention ever. Your life. Your future. Congratulations to us, class of 2012!

Friday, September 20, 2019

Critical Evaluation of the research methodologies

Critical Evaluation of the research methodologies 1. Introduction: In this report I have critically reviewed the methodologies which are used by Chevrier in her research paper. In this paper I have revealed whether she has used the correct methodology for her research or not, whether her evidence support her findings or not and I have mentioned an alternative methods to improve her conclusion. Chevrier paper aims at better understanding the dynamics of international project groups and she focuses on how project leaders manage the cultural differences to overcome and to use national cultures, ethnic diversity efficiently and effectively in the multinational project team. In her research she has depict three kinds of cross-cultural practices which were implemented by the project leaders. With these findings she has proposed a strategy to enhance the functioning of cross-cultural projects. I think the methodology which she has used in this research i.e. Case study is largely fine but not an effective one instead of this if she had used Grounded theory methodology for this research it would have been much more better research. I argue that the three case studies which she has chosen is not a typical one of all the multinational project groups. I argue that the Data collection technique which she has used in this research i.e. informal discussion is not a good technique to collect the data from participant. I argue that the strategy which she has proposed doesnt hold good for all types of cross-cultural project groups. 2. Literature review: Research can be a tricky, fascinating, awkward, tedious, annoying, hilarious, confusing, disturbing, mechanical, sociable, isolating, surprising, sweaty, messy, systematic, costly, draining, iterative, contradictory, open-ended process (Anthias, 2002) Methodology is identical to a research model employed by a researcher in a particular project, including basic knowledge related to the subject and research methods in question and the framework employed in a particular context (Sarantakos, 1998 cited Lather, 1992:87). Sarantakos (1998) relates the nature of Methodology to a theoretical and more abstract context, and perceives it in conjuction with distinctive, unidimensional, and mutually exclusive theoretical principles. Methodologies offers the research principles which are related closely to a distinct paradigm translated clearly and accurately, down to guidelines on acceptable research practices. Methodology is determined not by the research model but rather by principles of research entailed in a paradigm. Case-study research involves studying individual cases, often in their natural environment, and for a long period of time and employs a number of methods of data collection and analysis. (Sarantakos, 1998 cited Kromrey, 1986:320) 3. Critical Analysis of her Methodology: In this research the Methodology which is used by Chevrier is Case study. I think to do this research survey studies or experimental strategies will be too complex to implement, this is the main reason for Sylvie to choose Case study as the Methodology for this research. Generally case studies are done by a researcher when he/she is interested in the structure, process and outcomes of a single unit. (Sarantakos, 1998) Case studies are done by a researcher when he/she wants to extract data from a single field of study. Here Chevrier has chosen Engineering (i.e. three Project groups) as a field of study in which she has extracted the data and processed into information in which it will fit into the research topic. But this research topic demands to do study on all different kinds of field; but Sylvie hasnt done it, this is the main drawback of this research paper. In this research Chevrier focuses on how project leaders deal with cultural differences to surmount and even benefit from the variety of national cultures in their team. They have studied three cross-cultural practices that the project leaders explicitly or implicitly use to manage their international team and also studied the related outcomes from these practices. I think some methods and techniques which are used by Chevrier in her research paper doesnt holds good to the research topic. I think the samples(case studies) which she has chosen for this research doesnt sounds well because she has chosen only three international project groups to study the cross-cultural practices which are implemented in the team and moreover all these three project groups has the same background i.e. engineering. I believe just three project groups of the same background will not give a good weightage to her research paper. This is mainly because other than these three project groups there are different types of multinational project groups in which they are directly related to the cross-cultural management which I think she should have taken into this research paper. This research paper is pointing towards Multinational groups but the project groups which she has chosen has only people who are from European countries and Brasil, it misses out people who are from Asia, Africa and Australia. In this field work data is collected from Formal interviews, attendance to their meetings as a participant observer and informal discussions. I think the Primary data obtained from the formal interviews with project leaders and project members will be useful to analyse the data in this research and this data is important because the members of the project groups are the one who will be following cross-cultural practices and they will be knowing whether these practices are useful or not . In her research she has used participant observer as a data collection technique. I think it is a good technique for collecting the data in this research. Since her team will be a part of the cross-cultural group so they can observe easily how the team members/managers will behave and whether they are following the cross-cultural practices or not. They have attended even meetings to collect the data I think this is the place where they might have got a good data because this is a place where they can observe whether the managers and leaders are following cross-cultural practices or are they giving any importance to it or not. Chevrier and her team was also present daily among the project groups particularly for project 1(for 2 project weeks) and project 2(for 2  ½ months), I think daily presence in a project group is important because generally people wont behave same way in every time/day and also we cant judge their behaviour on cross-cultural practices in a single day. So daily presence in a project group will give a good data for the researcher but interesting point in her data collection is she or her team was not present daily for project team 3 but they were present only in project team 1 2 and that to in project team 1 they were present daily with team for just 2 ‘project weeks, so I dont think within these 2 weeks they have collected a strong data because in just 2 weeks it is less practical to summarize their behaviour. I think the primary data which they have collected in project team 2 will be useful because for 2  ½ months they were daily present with the team so with this time they will be in a better position to judge their behaviour with respect to cross-cultural. I also think that the Informal discussion which she has used in this research is not an effective technique. I agree this technique partially and I also disagree partially. I think this technique should be used depending on the situation in the working environment; if the working environment is not so good then there is no use of having discussion with them because the interviewee may give answers simply just to pass time. I think they should use only when the team members are in a good mood and moreover this discussions will take place mainly during lunch time of the employees, this is the time where most of the employee will relax, spend time with their colleagues and chat with them, if Chevrier and her group starts to discuss with these employees then most of them wont be interested and they will just say something or they will give less answers so that the discussion will be over fast. She has analysed the collected data by Cutting of Tran scripted interviews and meeting notes by theme. She has prepared a monograph for each and every theme which I think its a good idea and it will be useful for comparing all the themes. This type of comparison will help to find out the common and uncommon features of all the cases 4. Will her evidence support her findings? I think the evidence which she has used in Case 1 will support her findings. This is a project group of European consortium set up to make RD in the telecommunication industry. The contract which is signed by these companies designates one company as a primary contractor which will appoint a project leader among its engineers. We know that the newly appointed project leader has no hierarchical authority over the other partners due to this he/she cannot demand anything from other partners, infact he/she cant expect that other partners will involve totally (100% commitment) in this project and there is also a possibility that this may also lead to lack of institutional management with the other partners. In this project the leader has to take some technical decisions in which sometimes it may not be accepted by the other partners as she found this from Northern Europe and especially from Scandinavia that they only speak up when they disagree with what is being said. These project groups were not totally involved in the project. In this case the project leader has no choice he has to tolerate with these kinds of partners. This is what Chevrier has found that the leader explicitly or implicitly relies on tolerance of team members to surmount difficulties. The project group (RD consortium) has people from different countries; definitely all of them will have different opinion on Cross-cultural activity. Some may tolerate the diversity and some may not. Chevrier has found out different opinions from the interviewees e.g. In multinational teams some team members tend to forget the nationality of their colleague to focus on technical issues. Oppositely, the second part of interviewees says that they make their best to struggle against prejudices, stereotypes and ethnocentrism. In the 2nd case of Chevrier it is said that the greatest difficulty for the project manager is to make the work required for his own project a priority for team members who are very much in demand. If this is the case most of the manager tries to protect his team members to work in his project because every manager will have some task to complete, so to do this task without skilled workers in his team it will be difficult for him to complete it. If the manager couldnt maintain these workers in his team then there is every chance of showing less interest in the project. This is what happened to Swiss manager as it is told in Chevrier paper that â€Å"Swiss manager straightforwardly declared he did not want to make any difference and was careful to manage all team members the same way.† Chevrier has also backed up this argument by giving the reference of Laurent (1998), â€Å"we observed that when managers encounter cross-cultural differences, they often do nothing and consider that it is legitimate not to talk about them.† In case 1 the main job of the project leader is to maintain a strong institutional management with the other partners. Since the leader doesnt have the hierarchical authority over the other partners it will be difficult to manage all the other partners. His main job is to get the task done, since he doesnt has the upper hand over other project members it will be difficult for him to give orders for other groups to complete the job. In chevriers research, for this problem she has founded that â€Å"developing personal relationship with one another in a team will set up working arrangements more easily. If they know each other very well, it will help them to become acquainted with one other†. This strategy will suit only for RD consortium project group because in this project all its partners doesnt know each other so this strategy may enable effective mutual agreements between all the partners. But it doesnt suit for Electrical engineering project infact it can reinforce negative stereotypes and polarization between cultural groups. This is true because in this project the Swiss manager straightforwardly declared that he did not want to make any difference and was interested to manage all team members the same way, if this strategy (developing personal relationship) is implemented in this project group it may result in other way because due to less involvement by Swiss manger there is a more chance of negative stereotypes and polarization between cultural groups. This may lead in such a way that project may not complete. The strategy which is proposed in this paper by Chevrirer (cultural mediator) suits good for some multinational project groups but for some project groups it doesnt. Since in this strategy cultural mediator has to invite the project members quite regularly to find out the exact problem, this is possible only when all the project members are meeting together quite regularly at some place but this strategy cannot be applied to some multi-national groups where the project members wont meet regularly. However, in a multi national group most of the time the project groups will be from different countries so it is not practical to implement this strategy because all groups are from different countries and also it will be difficult for all the members to attend the meeting if it is put up by cultural mediator. As we can see in RD consortium group all the team members meet each other only four or five times a year. During these weeks all the project members will be busy with other partners about their plan and objectives in their project. So if this strategy is applied to this group then cultural mediator will not find sufficient time to spend with the team members to talk about their problematic situations which have encountered. I think this strategy can be applied to the project team in electrical engineering because this team is composed of a project manager, engineers who are all located in a single building but in a different floor. In this team cultural mediator can easily set up a meeting with the team members and find out the problematic situations which have encountered. Even in the product development project have subsidiaries which are located in different countries such as Germany, France, Belgium and Italy and co-ordinating the development process is in charge by ‘‘central group which is located in the French subsidiary. So even in this project group cultural mediator will find difficult to set up a meeting to talk about their problematic situations which have encountered. I think she has not justified all the problems which will occur in the multinational group. For e.g.— Race can be a problem in the group. Merriam et.al. in their research has found that â€Å"Racism was the specific dominating factor in cross cultural groups†. Color As an issue of concern amongst Blacks, colorism is examined and debated in Black communities in a less than open manner. This intraracial discrimination among Blacks gives preferential treatment to those who have lighter skin shades. (Merriam et.al) 5. Alternative Methodology: I think Grounded theory analysis will be a better approach for this research because in this research topic we need to analyse more number of case studies, interviews and observation so I think grounded theory will be the best methodology for this research. Another reason for using grounded theory techniques is â€Å"Grounded theorising is well suited to capturing the interpretive experiences of owner/managers/employees and developing theoretical propositions from them.† Rowlands B. (2005 cited from Strauss Corbin 1990) From the above reason we can say that, Since Chevriers research is related to the cross-cultural practices which are followed by Leaders, Managers, and Team members, so this methodology will be very useful in gathering and analysing the data. Similarly, Grounded theory has been effectively used in recent Information System research to develop theory of Information System practice. Rowlands B. (2005 cited from Urquhart et.al., 1997) In choosing the International project groups Chevrier has chosen the groups in which all groups has the same background i.e. Engineering. Instead of choosing three project groups from a single background she could have chosen three project groups from different fields. Because choosing a sample project group which is typical to that environment is very important and the data collected from this typical one will bee much stronger than the data which she has collected from the three Engineering project groups. I think Ethnographic interview will be useful to get valuable data from the interviewee. The main aim of this type of interview is to study the Culture of the people and to find out how it will impact on the people behaviour. â€Å"It aims to discover or understand the culture of people in their social environment and of explaining the social justification of their role and position in that culture.†(Sarantakos, 1998). This interview would have helped her in finding the culture of the project members/leaders and based on her understanding on their culture she could have compared with the Cross-cultural practices which were implemented by the management and she could have got a better result. If Chevrier had used all the above methodology in her research, I think this would have improved her research conclusion. 6. Conclusion: In this paper I have revealed that the methodology which is used by chevrier for her research is not a good one. I have shown that some of her methodology which she has used is not effective with respect to the research. The three case study which she has chosen in her research is not a typical one because all the case studies had the same background i.e. Engineering, instead of that she could have chosen case studies which are from different background and I also showed that the data collected from participant observation in project group 2 was strong. I showed that the data collected from informal discussion technique was not good. This paper reveals that Ethnographic interview and Grounded theory would have helped her to collect the strong data and to analyse the data which she has collected. I have shown that up to what extent of her evidence will support her findings. In this paper I have also concluded that her proposed strategy will holds good only if all the project members/g roups are in the same company or at least in the same country, it doesnt suit if all the project members/groups are in a different countries. 8. Bibliography: Sarantakos S.,(1998).Social reseach, 2nd edition, Macmillan Education: Australia, Chapter 8, pp 33,191,251. Floya Anthias,( 2002) Where do I belong?: Narrating collective identity and translocational positionality, [Online] Accessed from: http://etn.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/2/4/491 [Accessed on: 05/11/07] Merriam S., et.al., Power and Positionality: Negotiating Insider/Outsider Status in Multicultural and Cross-Cultural Research, [Online] Accessed from: http://merriamsetal1-final.pdf [Accessed on: 05/11/07] Rowlands B., (2005), Grounded in Practice: Using Interpretive Research to Build Theory, [Online] Accessed from: http://v3-i1-art7-rowlands.pdf [Accessed on: 03/12/07]

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Mitochondria Essay -- essays research papers

Mitochondria Mitochondria are tiny organelles found in nearly all eukaryotic cells. They are rather large organelles ranging from 0.5Â µm to 10Â µm in length and 1Â µm in diameter. The mitochondria are the energy factories of the cell and are located in the cytoplasm. They are the sites of cellular respiration. The mitochondria are responsible for generating ATP from such organic fuels as simple sugars and fats in the process of cellular respiration. This doubled-membrane organelle has its own DNA and can reproduce by splitting itself. The mitochondria are sausage-shaped structures that move, change their shape and divide. They are distinct organelles with two membranes, the inner membrane and the outer membrane. The outer membrane is smooth and limits the organelle. It is highly permeable to small solutes such as molecules and ions, but it blocks off passages of proteins and other macromolecules. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is folded into shelf like structures called cristae. The cristae does not even allow the passage of small ions and so it maintains a closed space within the cell. The many infoldings of the cristae are responsible for providing the mitochondrion with a large surface area which enhances the productivity of respiration. The inner membrane and outer membrane effectively divide the mitochondria into two internal compartments. The space located between the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane is called the intermembrane space. The space enclosed by th...

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

Cause and Effect Essay: Divorce Causes Problems For Children :: Cause and Effect Essays

For a child, it is very hard loosing a parent. The child's life becomes more stressful because of economic loss and the loss of a supportive parent. Since many children do not adjust well, their behavior is affected. The change is devastating for many children and it affects their entire life. Divorce of parents causes many problems and affects children negatively. The loss of a parent can cause loss in knowledge, skills, and resources from the parents. They loose such things as support from the parent in finances, emotions, and care. Children tend to have a harder time dealing with a divorce the more divorces their parents go through. The better the parents adjust to these losses, the better the children will adjust, and the fewer problems that will come about. When the child is in a single parents home, there is usually a loss of money and therefore, resources. This can lead to the child being jealous of other children and having lower self esteem. Another cause that affects a child with divorced parents is that the child may have a more stressful life. The child may have to change schools with any move that may result from the divorce. Also, if the child is not old enough to take care of himself or herself and the now single parent works, the child would probably have to start attending a child care program. A child could have to alternate between parents in different houses which is also very hard on a child. The adjustments to different settings and what days he or she is at which house can be confusing and stressful. In a divorce, the parents usually do not get along and may have different opinions on items. They may go to court and fight against each other about what factors caused the separation leading to the divorce and how the properties are divided. This possible exposure is very unhealthy for a child. The child sees his parents fighting and may learn from the behavior and display it. He or she may see that behavior as being an acceptable action. The fighting behavior of parents causes behavioral problems within a child. The child may hear things from one parent about the other that causes the child to take sides when he or she should be learning not to be biased and to love both parents equally.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay examples -- Literary Analysis

In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses Jim as the moral center of the story to depict the hardships, racial obstacles, and stereotypes that blacks endured during the era of American slavery. Dating back to the 1600’s and during the harsh cruelty of the American slave era comes the inspiring story of a black man in search of a new start. Among many other slaves, Jim is brought to an unjust, nefarious reality as he endures the oppression of racial discrimination. Throughout American history, many blacks grew up constantly bearing the unforgiving rancor of whites. A discriminating social system emerged, establishing white supremacy. Sadly, whites claimed superiority over any non-white and attacked many traits of these lower groups including their intelligence, roles in society and their emotions as human beings. In many parts of the story, Jim is viewed by the whites around him as a dullard. Jim seems to do whatever he is told with the notion that whites know best . Later Huck and Tom, both white children, devise a plan to rescue Jim from his capture. Although the two boys are significantly younger than Jim, the black slave chooses to listen to them because of the color of their skin: â€Å"Jim he couldn’t see no sense in the most of it, but he allowed [the boys were] white folks and knowed better than him† (Twain 188). During the slave era, the color white symbolized intelligence, a force to intimidate and control others. Jim’s statement reflects the insecurity that had been forged within him by the outside white force. He fails to understand the terms of the plan to set him free but understands that the immature children know what is best-- for they are white. Moreover, slavery forced blacks into many subordinate roles. S... ...ce of the times he has spent with them. At one point, Jim reflects on an incident when he has struck his child out of anger. After realizing the reason for her disobedience, her loss of hearing, he pleads to God, â€Å"de Lord God Amighty fogive po’ ole Jim, kaze he never qwyne to fogive hisself as long’s he live!† (Twain 118). He discovers â€Å"she was plumb deef en dumb†¦ en [he had] ben a-treat’n her so!† (Twain 118). With the sound of a distant whack, Jim is flooded with guilt and regret. He relates the sound to a past which he will never be able to forgive himself for. The once buried feelings for his family finally surface, vivified with a new sense of emotion for his loved ones. On the outside Jim is a slave, a black creature who endures the callous twists of life. Under his skin, however, he is a father, an honest and caring person and most importantly a human.

Newspaper article to evaluate Essay

Newspaper article to evaluate and review the purpose of faith schools in multi-faith and multicultural Britain. Faith schools in Britain are schools that teach general national curriculums but using religious principles and aims within their teaching. The extremities of these principles vary between different faiths and different schools. The term â€Å"faith schools† was first used in 1990 when Muslim institutes demanded for more freedom within education. There is approximately 7000 faith schools in Britain, almost a third of all state funded schools with around one and quarter million pupils but many ask if there is any need for such a large number of faith schools in a society that is becoming more secular. In 2006, 197 faith schools made up the 209 primary schools in the UK that achieved â€Å"perfect† results in that year’s league tables. All students reached the expected standard for 11 year olds in English, maths and science. The best school in the tables was North Cheshire Jewish primary school which offers â€Å"a traditional Jewish education†. The most improved school was St Anne’s Roman Catholic primary school whose results tripled within three years. Some would say that faith schools create a â€Å"social sorting† of children according to class, ability, religion and academics. This could be backed up by the fact that faith schools achieve higher exam results on average in the UK. However, the pupils who attend the secondary faith schools who have been to high-achieving primary schools appear to be from more well-off families. As well as this, according to a report for the Government, faith schools only achieve better results as they select the best pupils, not because of their religious ethos thus raising the question in whether if there is a need for faith schools. The Politics Show South has surveyed all the secondary schools in the region and found that 72% of pupils at the region’s faith schools got five good GCSE results, as against a national average of 53. 7% getting five good GCSE results. Four out of five faith schools in the South beat the national average. A parent at the Islamia Primary School in Queen’s Park, North London, also sees cultural advantages for her children in faith schools. â€Å"I wanted them to have a sense of pride as a Muslim but also to be following the English curriculum so that they could hopefully continue on to university and mix with everyone else. â€Å"But at the same time they’d know about Islam from a Muslim and not a Christian point of view. † As well as result statistics, faith schools are also keen on imposing discipline and teaching ethics to students. Some say that â€Å"the force of their religion and faith and the ethos of how to become a good citizen will be there all the time. † This means that students who study at these faith schools may have difficulty indulging in a crime or hating people or doing something which is not like their religious ethos. However a lot of people would agree that the rise of multi faith schools within the country would actually produce more secular societies as the rise in numbers and funding of one particular faith for schools could lead to unsettlement from other faiths. Also, single faith schools can also leave children unequipped to deal with life in mainstream Britain as only select things are taught within single faith schools. Director of National Secular society said: â€Å"If they are moving from restricted communities into a single faith school, they have very little contact with those from the majority community. And then suddenly, when they are 16 they come out into the majority community for the first time and into the workplace. I’m worried about the implications of that.†

Monday, September 16, 2019

Corporate Partnerships

Hurley Corporate Partnerships Corporate partnerships allow schools to gain extra cash by advertising a product or service around the school, this allows the school to gain extra money and the company possible sales. The supporters of corporate partnerships argue that it is a necessity for cash stripped schools. However the other side argues that school environment should be ad free and uninfluenced by corporations. I believe that corporate partnerships are a necessary part of our schools and only hold benefits, up to a certain point.Too much advertising could be distracting or even annoying for students, it should be up to the school to decide the perfect balance of education and ads. The advocates for corporate partnerships argue that; it provides schools with money that they possibly couldn't have raised before. They argue that the money gained could be used on multiple things, from things such as buying new updated books, hiring new teachers or even to finance a new wing for the m ain building as In the case of Calcareous HAS. Monitored advertisements for a certain product possibly oldest have an effect on student focus or learning.In Calcareous HAS we have ad banners on the bleachers near the football field. From my experience I haven't seen any student second glance at them or even give them a second thought, but It does provide the school with much needed money for construction projects. Who knows If we would've been able to afford a new wing to replace the portables without that aid. The opposing side argues that corporate partnerships take away from the learning environment. They argue that schools should always provide an environment free room corporate Influence and ads.What the backers of the opposing side don't take into account Is that students are already Influenced by ads every day, from the clothes they wear to the food they eat. Students see ads on TV's, radios, the Internet, the APS on their phone etc. Seeing ads In a school won't affect the st udent dramatically enough to dissuade him or her from learning. The promoters for the opposing side argue that corporate Influence In critical places such as the library or classrooms could distract the student from learning and are too extreme.I agree with this because classrooms and library are the place of learning, you should be able to read a book or write an essay without an advertisement for the new Nikkei shoes In your face. I believe that advertisements In learning areas would be annoying and are a violation of the students rights. This Is a heated topic that requires much thought and research. While advertisements In critical learning areas might be annoying and a hindrance to the average student. Overall It's obvious that corporate partnerships are necessary and re a good source of side revenue for schools.By exaggeratedly books, hiring new teachers or even to finance a new wing for the main building as in any student second glance at them or even give them a second thoug ht, but it does provide the school with much needed money for construction projects. Who knows if from corporate influence and ads. What the backers of the opposing side don't take into account is that students are already influenced by ads every day, from the clothes they wear to the food they eat. Students see ads on TV's, radio's, the internet, he APS on their phone etc.Seeing ads in a school won't affect the student opposing side argue that corporate influence in critical places such as the library or read a book or write an essay without an advertisement for the new Nikkei shoes in your face. I believe that advertisements in learning areas would be annoying and are This is a heated topic that requires much thought and research. While advertisements in critical learning areas might be annoying and a hindrance to the average student. Overall it's obvious that corporate partnerships are necessary and

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Social Capital has been described as involving egocentric, weak ties and socio-centric types of relationships

Social Capital has been described as involving egocentric, weak ties and socio-centric types of relationships. How might these concepts help to improve the way organisations generate new knowledge. Might some these concepts also act as a barrier to generating and sharing knowledge? Explain your answer. Introduction In contemporary, highly developing business environment, the success factors of many organisations have been affected with the rapid advancement in communication and ways of sharing knowledge. The knowledge economy has changed the basis of trading and doing business. Success and wealth of businesses no longer depends on their wealth of organisations but on the abilities and knowledge of their employees and the degree to which an organisation harnesses and develops those skills. The more effective the relationship between supplier and customer, the more successful an organisation is. This success depends on their abilities to operate in today's fast moving global marketplace. Defining the notion of Social Capital The notion of social capital first appeared in discussions of rural school community centers by Lyda Judson Hanifan's. Hanifan addressed the cultivation of good will, fellowship, sympathy and social intercourse among those that ‘made up a social unit.' More recently however, the work of Robert D. Putnam (1993, 2000) launched social capital as a focus for research and policy discussion. Putman defined the concept of social capital as â€Å"Features of social organisation, such as trust, norms and networks that can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated action† (Putnam, 1993). This definition of social capital can be criticised for adopting a single view, and being too narrow, as it ignores the fact that social capital can generate negative externalities as well as positive. Putman assumes ‘trust, norms and networks' to have positive outcomes for an individual, or a group however fails to recognise that it can be harmful for an organisation as a whole. Michael Woolcock on the other hand defined social capital as â€Å"the norms and social relations embedded in the social structure that enable people to coordinate action to achieve desired goals† This definition not only recognises both positive and negative externalities of social capital but focuses solely on sources of social capital, rather than also including the outcomes derived from it. One of the most famous examples where social capital is commonly referred to is in Silicon Valley (San Francisco). Silicon Valley is in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. It contains many high tech businesses that are supplying the global market with many innovating technologies and silicon microchips. In Silicon Valley, there is a very high level of knowledge held within individual firms, but this would be true whether they were located in clusters or in isolation. There is also a very high level of knowledge about the firms as well. This information is differentially more available to those in the Valley and in the network. This knowledge is not just technical, it is knowledge about who is a good manager or well connected. It is embedded in the social setting, a knowledge that comes from learning and being in the place where the knowledge is being used, and having an opportunity to use it in that setting. It is about knowled ge use and production in action. Social Capital – promotes knowledge sharing and communication Many contemporary theorists who conducted studies on social capital identified two differing perspectives within the concept. These concepts are socio-centric, and ego-centric. The socio-centric approach argues that the social structure of interpersonal contacts is important for organizational success (Sandefur and Laumann, 1998). A business can benefit from a strong social structure, by allowing employee cooperation that will enable flexibility and innovation. Knowledge sharing helps employees perform their jobs more effectively, retain their jobs, and guides them in personal and career development. It also rewards them for successful achievements, and brings more personal recognition so that knowledge sharing will become more practiced. By sharing and collaborating with others an employee is more likely to succeed in providing solutions to his/hers own jobs and by helping others achieve their objectives. The philosophy of modern knowledge management exponents is that ‘intrinsic motivation' is the only real motivator of knowledge sharing. This is where an individual, group or community are sympathetic to each other's goals, those of the organisation work for collective goals-if these are best achieved through sharing then this is what happens. Intrinsic motivation is making sure that individuals feel part of the business and culture through reward and recognition. The second perspective of social capital is concerned with the relationships between individuals. Sandefur and Laumann (1998) refer to this as the egocentric approach of social networks, where â€Å"an individual's social capital is characterized by their direct relationships with others and by the other people and relationships that they can reach through those to whom they are directly tied†. From this perspective, social capital is able to explain the differences in the success of individuals and firms in a competitive environment (Adler and Kwon, 1999). A learning organisation views its future and subsequent competitive advantage based on continuous learning and adaptive behaviour. It develops a culture and processes to improve its ability to learn and share both at an individual and organisational level. The main aim is to create a flexible, agile organisation able to handle uncertainty and then hopefully organisations will use this uncertainty to generate new ways of working, to build on this success and learn by mistakes. For example: a large multinational company, British Airways (BA) identified its culture as the biggest barrier it had to learning and sharing so it set out to create an environment where this was made easy. BA developed facilities for staff to access knowledge, libraries, have meeting rooms, training rooms that enhanced its culture. Therefore the facilitation of personal contacts and network, and the enhance role of training and development being a core was British Airways success for its new culture. Social capital – barrier to knowledge sharing and communication As developed in Ronald Burt's theory (1998), the socio-centric notion can act as a barrier to generating and sharing knowledge in an organisation. The socio-centric perspective includes the concept of power benefits acquired by individuals that control structural holes. This idea shows how certain individuals within an organisation may have power over groups of employees and act as the link between them. Such individuals are said to be ‘filling a structural hole', therefore their relative contacts have no direct contact with one another. This allows such an individual to have a certain level of manipulation over knowledge sharing between the two groups and benefit from the social capital derived from them. This can be both an advantage and disadvantage to the firm. It can be an advantage to the individual in that their social capital is increased, and that it allows the two departments to communicate ideas effectively. However the filling of structural holes with one individual could also act as a barrier to generating and sharing new knowledge within the firm. Because when implemented in a firm it means that individuals in different departments do not need to communicate between each other eliminating knowledge sharing within the individuals in each department. Within an egocentric network, sharing of knowledge can be one of the most difficult problems faced by knowledge organisations. In most organisations knowledge sharing requires a change in corporate culture, from ‘information is power' to ‘knowledge sharing build power.' Many organisations decide that the most effective way to encourage individual sharing appears to be through appraisal systems where individuals are asked to assess their own knowledge-sharing behaviours and consider their colleagues view of their sharing performance. The most obvious disadvantages are: an employee may fear senior experts or a supervisor. This fear can have an impact on the way the employee conveys his/her opinions. Another disadvantage is that employees can get compromising solutions from a group of experts with conflicting opinions. This would not give the knowledge engineer an accurate view of the knowledge needed. Also, there can also be a Lack of confidentiality as employees may feel threatened by knowing that their contributions will be shared with and evaluated or validated by other domain experts. However, the results of the appraisals may affect promotion and salary but their use is part of the development culture that includes knowledge sharing as a core competence. Conclusion Social capital has been described as a non-tradable form of capital that will depreciate if not used. Social capital increases in value through use, as relationships get stronger and weak ties are increased (Klaus Nielsen, 2003). In this article we have established that social capital is a rapidly growing notion, more commonly referred to by theorists when discussing issues of economics and organisational knowledge sharing. The concept has been criticised for the diversity of its definition, measurement challenges, and over-versatility (Woolcock and Schuller, 2000). These theorists concluded that social capital can have both a positive and a negative impact on the overall success of an organisation. Positive, in the aspects that a well working network of sharing knowledge can lead to innovation, and greater efficiency of the employees working relationships. Negative in the sense that strong social capital for an individual, or a group of employees does not necessarily guarantee a benefit on a macro scale for the organisation.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

It Is Not the Power but Fear of Loosing

â€Å"It is not power that corrupts but fear. Fear of losing power corrupts those who wield it and fear of scourge of power corrupts those who are subject to it†. (Aung San Suu Kyi’s speech on Freedom from Fear) â€Å"Power has only one duty –to secure the social welfare of the people† Disraeli Benjamin. However, the reality is somewhat different. History has led us to conclusions where those in power dominated over the weaker ones and used their supremacy to carry out immoral actions.Keeping such views under consideration, the norm that power, the authority to rule over and influence a group, tends to corrupt an individual as power brings an individual closer to his desires and grants him unquestionable authority. What is of more significance in corrupting a person is the fear of losing the power, the influence that one holds because fear takes away the ability to discriminate between right and wrong which results in immorality of actions.Humans act close to the theory of opportunism, and are motivated by self-interests without considering the values of their actions. Therefore, it is obvious that when one attains power, the person is attracted towards material necessities since being in power brings a person, closer to the fulfillment of his desires. The influence of being powerful allows people to manipulate the circumstances to suit their own needs. It is important to relate to William Jefferson in this scenario. W.Jefferson is a former American congressman who has been included in CREW’S report 2006 (Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington  (CREW) is a  nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization  that describes itself as â€Å"dedicated to promoting ethics and accountability in government and public life by targeting government officials – regardless of party affiliation – who sacrifice the common good to special interests) as being a corrupt politician. Jefferson has been accused for getting invol ved in attaining financial benefits through illegal means.For instance, Jefferson accepted bribes from multiple firms in exchange, introduced the firm to Congressmen and other business officials and used his influence as a member of congress to support those firms in their corporate goals. The bribe received was used to finance Jefferson family business. However, members of the congress as Jefferson may fear the time mandate since they are appointed for a definite period of time after which they might not remain in power.Such a fear makes an individual to think about would the person have enough with themselves once they do not hold power to live a good life. Thus, a person based on the concept of opportunism, would try to make as much wealth as possible within the time span, keeping in consideration that once out of power, the opportunity to accumulate wealth would no longer be available. The word â€Å"power† is often interpreted in terms of a person, having unquestionable authority. The person who holds power may not be answerable to anyone and therefore may enjoy supremacy.Such individual creates a cult of personality and thus earn themselves, honorable titles to further exaggerate their influence. Within this notion of supremacy and unquestionable authority, individuals tend to waiver towards the path of corruption in order to maintain their influence. There are countless examples where leaders such as Stalin have been criticized for killing thousands of innocent people and pursuing other actions that by no means justify themselves. Stalin ruled as a dictator, with absolute power.Was it the unquestionable authority acting behind the misdeeds of Stalin? What is important here to consider is the force acting behind Stalin, the force which historians titled as insecurity? People had started to question his authority and showed criticism towards his five years plan that was developed to enhance economic potential. Further, members from his own party st arted to criticize Stalin’s leadership. Considering the rising oppositions, Stalin passed a law which levied a death penalty on anyone who was found plotting against the government.This law was just the beginning of the great purges that Stalin later carried out to secure his position. The purges include the trial of sixteen, trial of seventeen and trial of twenty one and the common element of all these trials was the execution of all the members who were rising against Stalin. The intensity of the fears he had developed turned clear with the assassination of Sergei Kirov. Sergei Kirov used to be a close supporter of Stalin and Stalin treated Kirov as his son.However, when Kirov refused to conform to Stalin’s authority, he was eliminated just as all the others before him. Later, a constitution, which reinforced his political position, was passed that was to prevent uprisings in the future. Although this allowed Stalin to regain his political strength but that came at t he expense of economic downfall, weakened army and loss of numerous lives. Thus, what seems to be the consequences of unquestionable authority in reality sneaks out of fear that developed in Stalin to counter his oppositions to reinforce his supremacy. To come under siege†¦. was the inevitable fate of power† Frank Herbert, Dune Messiah. However, when one fears of losing the authority and influence, such people are no more concerned of morality of their behavior, and all of their actions are directed towards securing the authoritative place. Fear is a very strong force which exists in nature of the living being. It can and does produce alternate behavioral phenomenon in not just the human kind but also across other kingdoms; certain kinds of female snake would eat their own eggs because of the fear of an attack.Lizards cut-off their own tails when a predator attacks to distract it while it escapes. These traits have been described by scientists as characteristics conferrin g an advantage and allowing them to survive. Man, nature’s most evolved product, obviously possesses a similar in-built survival instinct which has enabled it to dominate nature’s landscape since it came into existence especially with its enhanced and complex social ability. Imagine a situation in which a group of people is under attack. Would they hurt or kill the intruders or would they be nice to them? NO.They would definitely attack the intruders to protect their power and authority even at the expense of immorality found in their actions. This is genuinely supported by the incidents that occurred in Musharraf’s regime. The early years of his rule witnessed calmness in terms of law and order of the country. However, what became the turning point of his regime was the fear, he developed when the circumstances turned against him and his presidency came under threat after the Lal Mosque incident. His actions were no more bounded by constitutional laws and what mattered to him was the maintenance of power.The illegal deposition of chief justice of Pakistan and attacks on judiciary in which several protestors were tortured, contest for presidency while still holding the status of army chief in 2007 and attack on a channel’s headoffice are examples of incidents where, to maintain power, a leader as Musharraf did not remain concern whether his actions were justified or not. Apart from this, fear can result in alternate behavioral phenomenon as mentioned earlier in the text. This might result in a complete different response to a situation by an individual under certain circumstances.The historical event that took place in Egypt just before the birth of Moses is a demonstration of the same phenomenon. The pharaoh of Egypt feared losing his power at the hands of the growing number of Israelites. His fears aggravated when a group of astronomers informed the pharaoh that a male Israelite child would bear who would throw the pharaoh’ s kingdom. Keeping in consideration the patriarchal societies that have persisted for long, pharaoh ordered all the new born male children to be murdered. This was certainly not normal.In societies such as Egypt, where male dominated every sphere of life and where they were ranked far above women, it was the fear of losing his power that caused the pharaoh to act even against the conventions of the Egyptian society. In relation to the text, it is evident that corruption does not branch out of power itself. Rather it is the fear, the thought of losing the superiority and charisma that one has developed over time, which leads a person towards unjustifiable means to protect and maintain his authority.The struggle to maintain power out of the fear of losing it has led to disastrous consequences for the humanity over the years. What influential people need to consider now is that though a lot of damage has been done, it is time to consolidate. Accepting the temporary nature of power and carrying out the assigned responsibilities that the authoritative position endorse one with would allow the humanity to be protected against ill consequences. Work Cited â€Å"Benjamin Disraeli and the Two Nation Divide. †Ã‚  The Victorian Web: An Overview. Web. 14 Mar. 2012. http://www. victorianweb. org/authors/disraeli/diniejko3. tml Pakistan Weekly. â€Å"Musharraf Trial. †Ã‚  Project. Web. 14 Mar. 2012. http://musharraftrial. net/ Ariela Pelaia. â€Å"The Passover (Pesach)A  Story. †Ã‚  About. com Judaism. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. http://judaism. about. com/od/holidays/a/The-Passover-Pesach-Story. htm â€Å"Stalin's Russia. †Ã‚  ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. . John Simkin†The Great Purge. †Ã‚  Spartacus Educational. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. . Dr. Lawrence Britt†A  Fourteen Defining Characteristics Of Fascism.   A  Fourteen Defining Characteristics Of Fascism. Web. 06 Mar. 2012. ;http://www. rense. com/general37/char. htm;. â€Å"Hitler, Stalin and Macbeth. †Ã‚  Angelfire. com. Web. 06 Mar. 2012. ;http://www. angelfire. com/ma/totalitarianism/essay1. html;. Crew Org. â€Å"Beyond Delay. †Ã‚  Citizenforethics. org. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. ;http://www. citizensforethics. org/page/-/PDFs/Reports/Most%20;. Doug,†The Trouble WithA  Power. †Ã‚  Japan and Korea: Life, Language and Religion. Web. 14 Mar. 2012. ;http://japanlifeandreligion. com/2010/11/07/the-trouble-with-power/;.

Friday, September 13, 2019

Human Rights and Same-Sex Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Rights and Same-Sex Marriage - Essay Example Those who argue that same-sex marriages should be considered a civil right and should be treated just like any heterosexual monogamous marriage are doing so based on the principle of the Equal Protection Clause. This is, however, a flawed argument. It is absolutely wrong to consider that one’s constitutional rights ensure equal treatment in the area of marriage. One must understand with regard to equal treatment, the Constitution does not make reference to social relationships such as families, marriages, friendships, and the like (McVeigh and Maria-Elena 899). Two friends, who decide to consider their relationship a marriage, cannot go to the courts and demand equal protection rights just because they decided to consider their friendship a marriage. To do so is tantamount to saying that just because some people at a certain sports event pray together before the start of the event; courts are required under the equal protection law to allow these sports event goers to redefine the event as a religious ceremony. The government, as an example, recognizes a relationship between two contracting parties, one of whom agrees to mow the other’s lawn. However, the law governing the contracts does not define beforehand what kinds of contracts can be drawn. The law, instead, merely makes clear how binding a consensual contract is, and what legal obligations both agreeing parties have in fulfilling the contract

Thursday, September 12, 2019

The Role of an Oncology Nurse in USA Research Paper

The Role of an Oncology Nurse in USA - Research Paper Example 1.2 The Role of an Oncology Nurse in USA The role of oncology nurses differs in relation to intensive care which has more focus on bone marrow transplantation and on cancer detection, screening and prevention. Practice of oncology includes participating in nursing research studies, making educational curricula, serving the patients as consultants and performing functions of executive. The main emphasis in all these roles is to provide nursing care to patients, planning, evaluation and nursing diagnosis. This process helps nurses to take a systematic and organized approach in the treatment of cancer patients. The role of oncology nurses is related to professionalism rather than just an occupation for instance a person working whole day in front of computer and conducting analysis. It requires professional practice and detailed knowledge of psychosocial and biologic dimensions of cancer problems. So it requires thorough practice, learning and research, after this only a person can be p rofessional. While occupation is linked to what one learns in his academic life and implement that in practice, this cannot be considered professionalism. Therefore this role is linked to the definition of professionalism rather than occupation. It is a broader concept then just an occupation (Brant JM & Wickham RS, 2004, p.1). So, the role of oncology nurses focuses on three core areas such as: Patient education Patient assessment Coordination of care Patient education Nurses have more opportunity to expand the knowledge of patients in relation to their disease and to educate them accordingly to have efficiency in treatment. They educate in order to assist patients to deal with their diagnosis, symptoms and long term adjustments, to gain information of prevention, to develop their knowledge and skills or to regain health status. Nurses teach patients through various tools and methods such as visual, printed and audiovisual materials are used by nurses to identify patient needs and abilities. Patient assessment Oncology nurses assess patient’s emotional and physical status, health practices, past history and heath, tries to achieve knowledge in relation to diagnoses from the patient as well as his family. Oncology nurses know the results and implications of pathology, laboratory and imaging studies. Coordination of care Oncology nurses plays imperative role in coordinating the complex and multiple technologies which are used in cancer treatment and diagnoses. This coordination involves taking care of patients, preparing all medical records, management of symptoms, participation of therapy, educating patients as well as family, counseling and follow-ups. Nurses should serve as patient’s first line of communication. Therefore, it is imperative for nurses to get sufficient information about the patient and his family (Johnson Mary, 2004, p. 80). 1.3 Oncology Nursing Education A whole educational curriculum is developed to create understanding and en hance their knowledge of epidemiology, cancer biology, treatment, nursing issues and practices and trends in cancer care. Specific journals which help to